Dexamethasone in COVID-19 treatment: Analyzing monotherapy and combination therapy approaches

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Cytokine Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI:10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156794

Seyed Mohammadmahdi Meybodi , Venus Shahabi Rabori , Darya Salkhorde , Negar Jafari , Mahsa Zeinaly , Elham Mojodi , Prashant Kesharwani , Mohammadreza Saberiyan , Amirhossein Sahebkar

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Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the exploration of effective treatment options, with dexamethasone emerging as a key corticosteroid for severe cases. This review evaluates the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone, highlighting its ability to reduce mortality rates, alleviate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and mitigate hyperinflammation. While dexamethasone shows therapeutic promise, potential adverse effects—including cardiovascular issues, neuropsychiatric complications, lung infections, and liver damage—necessitate careful monitoring and individualized treatment strategies. The review also addresses the debate over using dexamethasone alone versus in combination with other therapies targeting SARS-CoV-2, examining potential synergistic effects and drug resistance. In summary, dexamethasone is a valuable treatment option for COVID-19 but its risks highlight the need for tailored surveillance approaches. Further research is essential to establish clear guidelines for optimizing treatment and improving patient outcomes.

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地塞米松在 COVID-19 治疗中的应用：分析单一疗法和联合疗法

COVID-19 大流行促使人们探索有效的治疗方案，地塞米松成为治疗重症病例的主要皮质类固醇。本综述对地塞米松的疗效和安全性进行了评估，强调了其降低死亡率、缓解急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）和减轻高炎症反应的能力。虽然地塞米松显示出治疗前景，但其潜在的不良反应--包括心血管问题、神经精神并发症、肺部感染和肝脏损伤--需要仔细监测和个体化的治疗策略。综述还讨论了单独使用地塞米松还是与其他针对 SARS-CoV-2 的疗法联合使用的问题，研究了潜在的协同效应和耐药性。总之，地塞米松是治疗 COVID-19 的一个重要选择，但其风险突出表明需要有针对性的监测方法。进一步的研究对于制定优化治疗和改善患者预后的明确指南至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cytokine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

2.60%

发文量

262

审稿时长

48 days

期刊介绍： The journal Cytokine has an open access mirror journal Cytokine: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. * Devoted exclusively to the study of the molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, immunology, genome-wide association studies, pathobiology, diagnostic and clinical applications of all known interleukins, hematopoietic factors, growth factors, cytotoxins, interferons, new cytokines, and chemokines, Cytokine provides comprehensive coverage of cytokines and their mechanisms of actions, 12 times a year by publishing original high quality refereed scientific papers from prominent investigators in both the academic and industrial sectors. We will publish 3 major types of manuscripts: 1) Original manuscripts describing research results. 2) Basic and clinical reviews describing cytokine actions and regulation. 3) Short commentaries/perspectives on recently published aspects of cytokines, pathogenesis and clinical results.