Wheat genetic progress in biomass allocation and yield components: A global perspective

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
{"title":"Wheat genetic progress in biomass allocation and yield components: A global perspective","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109617","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Wheat is an essential food source and is subjected to intense breeding efforts for increased grain yield, but stagnation in grain yield improvements has been reported in many regions. The identification of genetically linked factors impeding further progress in wheat grain yield improvement is therefore urgently required.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A comparative meta-analysis of data from 66 publicly available field experiments involving multiple wheat genotypes was performed to identify traits altered in breeding programs, their relationship with grain yield, and their past and current impact on grain yield increases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Wheat grain yield can be increased by increasing either the aboveground biomass (ABM) or the harvest index (HI). However, there was no correlation between these traits since a reduction in plant height can occur with increases in the HI and overall grain yield, but with no reduction in the ABM. The combined data from 32 global datasets revealed a substantial increase in wheat grain yield from 1860 to 2017, accompanied by improvement in HI and yield components. When considering only the genotypes introduced from the 1960s to 2017, there was a linear increase observed in both grain yield and HI until the mid-1980s. However, genetic progress in HI and GY has slowed down since then. Before the mid-1980s, there was a decreasing trend observed in plant height which remained relatively static thereafter. While ABM did not exhibit significant increases during this period. After the mid-1980s, significant improvements have been observed in ABM; however, no obvious increase were observed in other yield components.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Since the 1980s, there has been an increase in the aboveground biomass of wheat, while grain weigth and grains per m<sup>2</sup> increases trending slowly, and both harvest index and grain yield have almost stagnated. Therefore, increasing grains per m<sup>2</sup> and/or grain weight should be the major research direction to further improve the wheat harvest index and grain yield in the future.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>The systematic study of changes in wheat traits in past breeding efforts for improved grain yields has provided useful indicators for the direction of wheat breeding in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12143,"journal":{"name":"Field Crops Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Field Crops Research","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429024003708","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Wheat is an essential food source and is subjected to intense breeding efforts for increased grain yield, but stagnation in grain yield improvements has been reported in many regions. The identification of genetically linked factors impeding further progress in wheat grain yield improvement is therefore urgently required.

Method

A comparative meta-analysis of data from 66 publicly available field experiments involving multiple wheat genotypes was performed to identify traits altered in breeding programs, their relationship with grain yield, and their past and current impact on grain yield increases.

Results

Wheat grain yield can be increased by increasing either the aboveground biomass (ABM) or the harvest index (HI). However, there was no correlation between these traits since a reduction in plant height can occur with increases in the HI and overall grain yield, but with no reduction in the ABM. The combined data from 32 global datasets revealed a substantial increase in wheat grain yield from 1860 to 2017, accompanied by improvement in HI and yield components. When considering only the genotypes introduced from the 1960s to 2017, there was a linear increase observed in both grain yield and HI until the mid-1980s. However, genetic progress in HI and GY has slowed down since then. Before the mid-1980s, there was a decreasing trend observed in plant height which remained relatively static thereafter. While ABM did not exhibit significant increases during this period. After the mid-1980s, significant improvements have been observed in ABM; however, no obvious increase were observed in other yield components.

Conclusions

Since the 1980s, there has been an increase in the aboveground biomass of wheat, while grain weigth and grains per m2 increases trending slowly, and both harvest index and grain yield have almost stagnated. Therefore, increasing grains per m2 and/or grain weight should be the major research direction to further improve the wheat harvest index and grain yield in the future.

Implications

The systematic study of changes in wheat traits in past breeding efforts for improved grain yields has provided useful indicators for the direction of wheat breeding in the future.
小麦在生物量分配和产量成分方面的遗传进展:全球视角
背景小麦是一种重要的食物来源,为提高谷物产量,育种工作十分激烈,但据报道,许多地区的谷物产量提高停滞不前。方法 对 66 个涉及多个小麦基因型的公开田间试验数据进行了比较荟萃分析,以确定育种计划中改变的性状、它们与谷物产量的关系以及它们过去和现在对谷物增产的影响。结果 小麦谷物产量可通过增加地上生物量(ABM)或收获指数(HI)来提高。然而,这些性状之间并不存在相关性,因为随着收获指数和谷物总产量的增加,植株高度会降低,但地上生物量不会降低。来自 32 个全球数据集的综合数据显示,从 1860 年到 2017 年,小麦谷物产量大幅增加,同时 HI 和产量成分也有所改善。如果只考虑从 20 世纪 60 年代到 2017 年引入的基因型,在 20 世纪 80 年代中期之前,谷物产量和 HI 都呈线性增长。然而,从那时起,HI 和 GY 的遗传进展放缓。在 20 世纪 80 年代中期之前,植株高度呈下降趋势,此后保持相对稳定。在此期间,ABM 没有出现显著增长。结论自 20 世纪 80 年代以来,小麦的地上生物量一直在增加,而粒重和每平方米粒数的增加趋势缓慢,收获指数和谷物产量几乎停滞不前。因此,提高每平方米粒数和/或粒重应该是未来进一步提高小麦收获指数和谷物产量的主要研究方向。 意义系统研究过去为提高谷物产量而进行的育种工作中小麦性状的变化,为未来小麦育种的方向提供了有用的指标。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Field Crops Research
Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
12.10%
发文量
307
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信