Steroid-based hydrazones as anabolic agents: Design, synthesis, computational studies, and biological evaluation in human skeletal muscle cell line

IF 2.1 3区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC

Tetrahedron Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2024.134305

Fermín Flores-Manuel , Gabriel Guerrero-Luna , Israel Quiroga-Montes , Kenia Salvador-Atonal , Amairani Domínguez-Bahena , Maura Cárdenas-García , María Guadalupe Hernández-Linares

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Abstract

Hydrazone derivatives were synthesized in a three-step process starting from diosgenin and then tested for their anabolic activity. Through in silico analysis, we identified proteins associated with muscle growth to elucidate the plausible mechanisms and interactions between these compounds and the active site amino acids, thereby providing a rationale for the observed biological results. The results of the in vitro assay on the human skeletal muscle cell line showed an increase in the number of viable cells, which was determined using increasing concentrations of each compound through the XTT assay. Additionally, the increase in protein concentration was measured using the Bradford method. The experimental evaluation revealed that all compounds have differences in increased protein/cell percentage compared to the control and testosterone, which suggests a hyperplastic/hypertrophic effect with a normal morphology.

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作为同化制剂的类固醇酰肼：设计、合成、计算研究以及在人类骨骼肌细胞系中的生物学评估

我们通过三步法合成了腙的衍生物，并测试了它们的合成代谢活性。我们通过硅学分析确定了与肌肉生长相关的蛋白质，以阐明这些化合物与活性位点氨基酸之间的合理机制和相互作用，从而为观察到的生物学结果提供理论依据。对人类骨骼肌细胞系进行的体外试验结果表明，通过 XTT 试验，使用浓度不断增加的每种化合物，可存活的细胞数量有所增加。此外，还使用布拉德福德法测量了蛋白质浓度的增加。实验评估结果表明，与对照组和睾酮相比，所有化合物在增加蛋白质/细胞百分比方面都存在差异，这表明这些化合物具有增生/肥大作用，形态正常。

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来源期刊

Tetrahedron 化学-有机化学

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

4.80%

发文量

439

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Tetrahedron publishes full accounts of research having outstanding significance in the broad field of organic chemistry and its related disciplines, such as organic materials and bio-organic chemistry. Regular papers in Tetrahedron are expected to represent detailed accounts of an original study having substantially greater scope and details than that found in a communication, as published in Tetrahedron Letters. Tetrahedron also publishes thematic collections of papers as special issues and ''Reports'', commissioned in-depth reviews providing a comprehensive overview of a research area.