Multifunctional nanoplatforms based on alumina-coated mesoporous silica with potential for cancer theranostics applications

IF 4.8 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1016/j.micromeso.2024.113373

Jéssica de Lara Andrade , Angélica Gonçalves de Oliveira , Cezar Augusto Moreira , Carlos Eduardo Scanferla , Sandro Marcio Lima , Luis Humberto da Cunha Andrade , Paulo Rodrigo Stival Bittencourt , Daniela Martins Fernandes de Oliveira

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Abstract

Multifunctional nanoplatforms based on mesoporous silica coated with alumina were successfully and sustainably synthesized using sodium silicate extracted from rice husk ash (RHA), demonstrating the potential for cancer theranostics. The hybrid nanostructures produced (C2-600 and C4-600) from two different calcination times exhibited distinct morphologies, textural parameters, and degrees of mesoscopic organization. As expected, the Al₂O₃ coating on the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) reduced the specific surface area from 720 m²/g to 122 m²/g (C2-600) and 57 m²/g (C4-600), while preserving their mesoporous structure. Additionally, both C2-600 and C4-600 showed relatively good stability across a wide pH interval, with a zeta potential of ζ = −15 mV and hydrodynamic diameter (D_h) ranging from 160 to 670 nm, depending on the pH of the medium. These peculiar characteristics resulted in high encapsulation efficiency (EE ≈ 90 %) for the doxorubicin (DOX) anticancer drug, as well as sustained drug release in simulated gastric fluid (SGF, pH 1.2) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF, pH 7.4). Appreciably, C4-600-DOX released approximately 83 % of the drug over 96 h and demonstrated significant biodegradation in simulated biological media. Furthermore, the hybrid nanoplatforms exhibited strong optical absorption between 250 and 420 nm, along with broad and intense photoluminescence (PL) in the near-infrared (NIR) region (680–900 nm), which is highly desirable for NIR-fluorescence diagnostic imaging. Notably, the hybrid nanoplatforms without DOX were non-cytotoxic to fibroblast and Caco-2 cells, while the DOX-loaded nanoplatforms exhibited selectivity and potent anticancer activity, inhibiting approximately 80 % of Caco-2 colorectal cancer cells after 72 h. These findings demonstrate that C2-600 and C4-600 are innovative, multifunctional and biodegradable nanoplatforms with powerful potential as drug carriers and fluorescence imaging agents, making them promising candidates for cancer theranostics.

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基于氧化铝涂层介孔二氧化硅的多功能纳米平台具有癌症治疗应用潜力

利用从稻壳灰（RHA）中提取的硅酸钠成功地、可持续地合成了基于氧化铝涂层的介孔二氧化硅多功能纳米平台，证明了其在癌症治疗方面的潜力。两种不同煅烧时间制得的混合纳米结构（C2-600 和 C4-600）呈现出不同的形态、纹理参数和介观组织程度。正如预期的那样，介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒（MSNs）上的 Al2O3 涂层将比表面积从 720 m2/g 减少到 122 m2/g（C2-600）和 57 m2/g（C4-600），同时保留了它们的介孔结构。此外，C2-600 和 C4-600 在较宽的 pH 值范围内都表现出相对较好的稳定性，zeta 电位为 ζ = -15 mV，水动力直径 (Dh) 在 160 到 670 nm 之间，具体取决于介质的 pH 值。这些奇特的特性使得多柔比星（DOX）抗癌药物具有很高的封装效率（EE ≈ 90 %），并能在模拟胃液（SGF，pH 值为 1.2）和模拟肠液（SIF，pH 值为 7.4）中持续释放药物。值得注意的是，C4-600-DOX 在 96 小时内释放了约 83% 的药物，并在模拟生物介质中表现出显著的生物降解性。此外，混合纳米平台在 250 纳米到 420 纳米之间具有很强的光吸收，在近红外（NIR）区域（680-900 纳米）具有宽广而强烈的光致发光（PL），这对于近红外荧光诊断成像来说是非常理想的。值得注意的是，不含 DOX 的混合纳米平台对成纤维细胞和 Caco-2 细胞无毒性，而负载 DOX 的纳米平台则表现出选择性和强大的抗癌活性，72 小时后可抑制约 80% 的 Caco-2 大肠癌细胞。这些研究结果表明，C2-600 和 C4-600 是创新型、多功能和可生物降解的纳米平台，具有作为药物载体和荧光成像剂的强大潜力，使其成为癌症治疗学的理想候选材料。

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来源期刊

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 化学-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

10.70

自引率

5.80%

发文量

649

审稿时长

26 days

期刊介绍： Microporous and Mesoporous Materials covers novel and significant aspects of porous solids classified as either microporous (pore size up to 2 nm) or mesoporous (pore size 2 to 50 nm). The porosity should have a specific impact on the material properties or application. Typical examples are zeolites and zeolite-like materials, pillared materials, clathrasils and clathrates, carbon molecular sieves, ordered mesoporous materials, organic/inorganic porous hybrid materials, or porous metal oxides. Both natural and synthetic porous materials are within the scope of the journal. Topics which are particularly of interest include: All aspects of natural microporous and mesoporous solids The synthesis of crystalline or amorphous porous materials The physico-chemical characterization of microporous and mesoporous solids, especially spectroscopic and microscopic The modification of microporous and mesoporous solids, for example by ion exchange or solid-state reactions All topics related to diffusion of mobile species in the pores of microporous and mesoporous materials Adsorption (and other separation techniques) using microporous or mesoporous adsorbents Catalysis by microporous and mesoporous materials Host/guest interactions Theoretical chemistry and modelling of host/guest interactions All topics related to the application of microporous and mesoporous materials in industrial catalysis, separation technology, environmental protection, electrochemistry, membranes, sensors, optical devices, etc.