The Transmission of Pc 3 Waves From the Foreshock Into the Earth's Magnetosphere: 3D Global Hybrid Simulation

IF 2.6 2区 地球科学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Jicheng Sun, Junyi Ren, Quanming Lu, Beichen Zhang, Huigen Yang
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Abstract

Although initially it was presumed that foreshock waves would propagate directly into the dayside magnetosphere, observational evidence for sinusoidal Pc3 waves in the downstream of quasi-parallel shocks is scarce. The transmission of these waves from the foreshock into the magnetosphere remains uncertain. In this paper, we employ a 3D global hybrid simulation at a realistic scale to explore the generation and transmission of the dayside ULF waves under a radial interplanetary magnetic field. Our findings demonstrate that the Pc3 waves are self-consistently generated in the foreshock region and then transmitted into the magnetosheath and magnetosphere. In the foreshock, the waves are excited at approximately 25 mHz and exhibit right-handed helicity in the plasma frame, characterizing them as quasi-parallel fast magnetosonic waves. In the magnetosphere, the fluctuating magnetic field is mainly parallel to the background magnetic field, which indicates the dominant wave modes are compressional. Fluctuations in the magnetosheath show a broader spectrum (10–100 mHz) compared to those in the magnetosphere and foreshock, potentially explaining the little observation of sinusoidal Pc3 waves in the magnetosheath. Additionally, only lower frequency compressional waves (below 30 mHz) are effectively transmitted into the dayside magnetosphere. Our simulation provides critical insights into the interactions between the solar wind and Earth's magnetosphere.

前震产生的 Pc 3 波向地球磁层的传播:三维全球混合模拟
尽管最初推测前震波将直接传播到日侧磁层,但在准平行震波下游正弦 Pc3 波的观测证据却很少。这些波从前震传播到磁层的情况仍不确定。在本文中,我们采用了三维全局混合模拟,在现实尺度上探索了在径向行星际磁场下天侧超低频波的产生和传播。我们的研究结果表明,Pc3 波在前震区自洽地产生,然后传输到磁鞘和磁层。在前震中,这些波以大约 25 mHz 的频率被激发,并在等离子体框架中表现出右旋性,使它们成为准平行快速磁声波。在磁层中,波动磁场主要与背景磁场平行,这表明主要的波模式是压缩波。与磁层和前震相比,磁鞘中的波动显示出更宽的频谱(10-100 mHz),这可能是磁鞘中很少观测到正弦 Pc3 波的原因。此外,只有较低频率的压缩波(低于 30 mHz)才能有效地传输到日侧磁层。我们的模拟为太阳风与地球磁层之间的相互作用提供了重要见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
35.70%
发文量
570
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