GRACE Satellite Observations of Antarctic Bottom Water Transport Variability

IF 3.3 2区 地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY
Jemma Jeffree, Andrew McC. Hogg, Adele K. Morrison, Aviv Solodoch, Andrew L. Stewart, Rebecca McGirr
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Abstract

Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) formation and transport constitute a key component of the global ocean circulation. Direct observations suggest that AABW volumes and transport rates may be decreasing, but these observations are too temporally or spatially sparse to determine the cause. To address this problem, we develop a new method to reconstruct AABW transport variability using data from the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite mission. We use an ocean general circulation model to investigate the relationship between ocean bottom pressure and AABW: we calculate both of these quantities in the model, and link them using a regularized linear regression. Our reconstruction from modeled ocean bottom pressure can capture 65%–90% of modeled AABW transport variability, depending on the ocean basin. When realistic observational uncertainty values are added to the modeled ocean bottom pressure, the reconstruction can still capture 30%–80% of AABW transport variability. Using the same regression values, the reconstruction skill is within the same range in a second, independent, general circulation model. We conclude that our reconstruction method is not unique to the model in which it was developed and can be applied to GRACE satellite observations of ocean bottom pressure. These advances allow us to create the first global reconstruction of AABW transport variability over the satellite era. Our reconstruction provides information on the interannual variability of AABW transport, but more accurate observations are needed to discern AABW transport trends.

GRACE 卫星对南极底层水迁移变化的观测
南极底层水(AABW)的形成和输送是全球海洋环流的关键组成部分。直接观测结果表明,南极底层水(AABW)的体积和传输速率可能正在下降,但这些观测结果在时间或空间上过于稀疏,无法确定其原因。为了解决这个问题,我们开发了一种新方法,利用 GRACE(重力恢复和气候实验)卫星任务提供的数据重建 AABW 的传输变化。我们利用海洋大环流模型来研究海底压力和阿拉伯分量之间的关系:我们在模型中计算这两个量,并利用正则化线性回归将它们联系起来。根据不同的海盆,我们对模型海底压力的重构可以捕捉到 65%-90%的模拟大气压输运变化。如果将实际观测的不确定性值添加到模拟的海底压力中,重建结果仍能捕捉到 30%-80% 的阿拉伯湾水汽输送变率。使用相同的回归值,在第二个独立的大气环流模式中,重建技能也在相同的范围内。我们的结论是,我们的重构方法并不是其开发模型所独有的,它可以应用于 GRACE 卫星对海洋底压的观测。这些进展使我们能够首次在全球范围内重建卫星时代的大气负压输送变率。我们的重建方法提供了有关海水倒灌输送年际变化的信息,但要辨别海水倒灌输送的趋势,还需要更精确的观测。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans
Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans Earth and Planetary Sciences-Oceanography
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
13.90%
发文量
429
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