Determinants of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Bench Sheko zone, Southwest Ethiopia: a case-control study.

IF 2.3 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
Frontiers in global women's health Pub Date : 2024-10-14 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fgwh.2024.1453231
Tewodros Yosef, Ephrem Eyasu, Nigusie Shifera, Gossa Fetene Abebe, Desalegn Girma, Aklilu Habte, Ahmed Fentaw Ahmed, Adane Asefa
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection during pregnancy poses serious risks by raising the likelihood of chronic infection in newborns by 90% and the risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer by 25% in chronic infections. This study aimed to identify determinants of HBV infection among pregnant women in the Bench Sheko zone, Southwest Ethiopia.

Methods: An unmatched case-control study was conducted from May 15 to July 15, 2022, in selected health facilities of the Bench Sheko zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Medical charts were reviewed to collect the HBsAg status of participants, as all pregnant women attending antenatal care underwent routine screening. It involved 228 pregnant women (76 HBV-positive cases and 152 HBV-negative controls). Data were collected using structured questionnaires, and analyzed using SPSS 21. A multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify significant determinants of HBV infection, and statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05.

Results: After controlling potential confounders, having no formal education (AOR = 4.94, 95% CI: 2.01, 8.29; P = 0.007), urban residency (AOR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.43, 6.86; P = 0.010), history of unsafe abortion (AOR = 3.87, 95% CI: 2.17, 6.98; P < 0.001), sharing sharp materials (AOR = 8.43, 95% CI: 5.54, 10.9; P < 0.001), contact with HBV-infected persons in the family (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.72, 4.87; P < 0.001), tribal scarification (AOR = 3.23, 95% CI: 1.24, 8.91; P = 0.017), and history of unsafe tooth extraction (AOR = 4.52, 95% CI: 2.18, 9.76; P = 0.039) were identified as significant predictors of HBV infection.

Conclusion: The study identifies multiple factors contributing to HBV infection in pregnant women. Therefore, it is crucial to promote safe abortion practices and the responsible use of sharp materials, avoid high-risk contact with infected individuals within the family, raise awareness about the risks associated with tribal scarification while advocating for safer practices, and offer education on safe tooth extraction methods to reduce the risk of HBV.

埃塞俄比亚西南部 Bench Sheko 区孕妇感染乙型肝炎病毒的决定因素:病例对照研究。
背景:孕期感染乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)会带来严重风险,使新生儿慢性感染的可能性增加 90%,慢性感染者患肝硬化和肝癌的风险增加 25%。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西南部 Bench Sheko 地区孕妇感染 HBV 的决定因素:方法:2022 年 5 月 15 日至 7 月 15 日,在埃塞俄比亚西南部 Bench Sheko 地区选定的医疗机构开展了一项非匹配病例对照研究。由于所有接受产前检查的孕妇都接受了常规筛查,因此研究人员查阅了病历以收集参与者的 HBsAg 状况。共有 228 名孕妇(76 例 HBV 阳性病例和 152 例 HBV 阴性对照)参与了这项研究。数据采用结构化问卷收集,并使用 SPSS 21 进行分析。为确定 HBV 感染的重要决定因素,进行了多变量逻辑回归,并以 p 值为统计显著性:在控制潜在混杂因素后,未受过正规教育(AOR = 4.94,95% CI:2.01,8.29;P = 0.007)、城市居民(AOR = 2.56,95% CI:1.43,6.86;P = 0.010)、不安全堕胎史(AOR = 3.87,95% CI:2.17,6.98;P )、共用锋利物品(AOR = 8.43,95% CI:5.54,10.9;P)、与家庭中的 HBV 感染者接触(AOR = 2.18,95% CI:1.72,4.87;P)、部落疤痕(AOR = 3.23,95% CI:1.24,8.91;P = 0.017)和不安全拔牙史(AOR = 4.52,95% CI:2.18,9.76;P = 0.039)被确定为 HBV 感染的重要预测因素:本研究发现了导致孕妇感染 HBV 的多种因素。因此,关键是要推广安全的人工流产方法和负责任地使用锋利的材料,避免与家庭中的感染者进行高风险接触,在倡导更安全的做法的同时提高人们对部落疤痕相关风险的认识,并提供有关安全拔牙方法的教育,以降低感染 HBV 的风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
0.00%
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审稿时长
13 weeks
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