Predicting Landscape Conversion Impact on Small Mammal Occurrence and the Transmission of Parasites in the Atlantic Forest

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI:10.1111/geb.13933

Ana Paula L. Costa, Gisele R. Winck, Bernardo R. Teixeira, Rosana Gentile, Paulo S. D'Andrea, Emerson M. Vieira, Renata Pardini, Thomas Püttker, Cecilia S. Andreazzi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

Changes in landscape configuration significantly impact ecosystems and the services they provide, including disease regulation for both humans and wildlife. Land use conversion usually favors disturbed-adapted species, which are often known reservoirs of zoonotic parasites, thereby potentially escalating spillover events (i.e., the transmission of parasites to new hosts, including humans). Here we aimed to investigate how alterations in landscape use and configuration influence the distribution and co-occurrence of potential hosts of zoonotic and epizootic parasites.

Location

Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Time Period

Data collection spanned from 1997 to 2019.

Major taxa studied small mammals.

Methods

We integrated ecological network metrics and joint distribution models while accounting for phylogenetic relationships and functional traits to answer two main questions: (1) do small mammal species considered central hosts in the transmission of parasites exhibit a higher probability of occurrence in landscapes with reduced native vegetation areas? (2) Do small mammal hosts that share a higher number of parasites have higher co-occurrence probabilities?

Results

Our results demonstrated that species identified as significant hosts in our centrality network analysis displayed an increased probability of occurrence in landscapes that are both more fragmented and have a higher proportion of farming areas, hence fewer native vegetation areas. Regarding the relationship between species co-occurrence and parasite sharing, our findings indicated that most strong co-occurrences were prevalent within groups with higher parasite fauna similarity, but not all species sharing parasites had a higher probability of co-occurring.

Conclusions

Here we highlight the effects of landscape conversion on small mammal species, including how different configurations of land use can influence both central and non-central host occurrences. Besides, our results also indicate that parasite transmission may be overestimated when the co-occurrence probability of potential host species is not considered. We highly recommend incorporating co-occurrence data to estimate zoonotic risk.

Abstract Image

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预测景观改造对大西洋森林小型哺乳动物出现和寄生虫传播的影响

目的景观配置的变化会对生态系统及其提供的服务产生重大影响，包括对人类和野生动物的疾病调节。土地用途的转换通常有利于受干扰的适应物种，而这些物种往往是已知的人畜共患寄生虫的贮藏地，因此可能会加剧外溢事件（即寄生虫传播到新的宿主，包括人类）。在此，我们旨在研究景观使用和配置的改变如何影响人畜共患病和流行病寄生虫潜在宿主的分布和共同出现。地点巴西大西洋森林。时间段数据收集跨越 1997 年至 2019 年。方法我们整合了生态网络指标和联合分布模型，同时考虑了系统发育关系和功能特征，以回答两个主要问题：（1）被认为是寄生虫传播中心宿主的小型哺乳动物物种是否在原生植被面积减少的景观中表现出更高的出现概率？(结果我们的结果表明，在中心性网络分析中被确定为重要宿主的物种在破碎化程度较高、农耕区比例较高（因此原生植被面积较少）的景观中出现的概率较高。关于物种共现与寄生虫共享之间的关系，我们的研究结果表明，在寄生虫动物群相似度较高的群体中，大多数强共现现象都很普遍，但并非所有共享寄生虫的物种都有较高的共现概率。此外，我们的研究结果还表明，如果不考虑潜在宿主物种的共同出现概率，寄生虫的传播可能会被高估。我们强烈建议在估算人畜共患病风险时纳入共现数据。

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来源期刊

Global Ecology and Biogeography 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

3.10%

发文量

170

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Global Ecology and Biogeography (GEB) welcomes papers that investigate broad-scale (in space, time and/or taxonomy), general patterns in the organization of ecological systems and assemblages, and the processes that underlie them. In particular, GEB welcomes studies that use macroecological methods, comparative analyses, meta-analyses, reviews, spatial analyses and modelling to arrive at general, conceptual conclusions. Studies in GEB need not be global in spatial extent, but the conclusions and implications of the study must be relevant to ecologists and biogeographers globally, rather than being limited to local areas, or specific taxa. Similarly, GEB is not limited to spatial studies; we are equally interested in the general patterns of nature through time, among taxa (e.g., body sizes, dispersal abilities), through the course of evolution, etc. Further, GEB welcomes papers that investigate general impacts of human activities on ecological systems in accordance with the above criteria.