Masataka Aoki, Hong Dao Nguyen Pham, Yasuyuki Takemura, Noriko Tomioka, Yoshitaka Ebie, Kazuaki Syutsubo
{"title":"Behavior of Aeromonas, Arcobacter, and Mycobacterium in freshwater microcosms polluted with domestic wastewater","authors":"Masataka Aoki, Hong Dao Nguyen Pham, Yasuyuki Takemura, Noriko Tomioka, Yoshitaka Ebie, Kazuaki Syutsubo","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07571-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the behavior of pathogenic bacterial groups from domestic wastewater in surface water is critical to improving sanitation risk assessment and supporting effective policy implementation. Despite their importance, their behavior in freshwater environments is not fully understood. This study examined the behavior of pathogenic bacterial groups frequently found in domestic wastewater–<i>Aeromonas</i>, <i>Arcobacter</i>, and <i>Mycobacterium</i>—in freshwater microcosms containing domestic wastewater with different initial ammonium-nitrogen (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N) concentrations (2, 5, and 15 mg N L<sup>−1</sup>). Digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) assays with propidium monoazide (PMA) pretreatment were used to evaluate the behavior of viable targeted bacteria. <i>Aeromonas</i> and <i>Arcobacter</i> decayed quickly after the experiment began, with typical first-order decay constants of 0.718 to 0.820 day<sup>−1</sup> and 1.14 to 1.19 day<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. These rates were comparable or higher than those of <i>Escherichia coli,</i> an indicator of fecal contamination (0.586–0.680 day<sup>−1</sup>). Conversely, the abundance of <i>Mycobacterium</i> increased over the course of the 7-day experiment. The decay or growth of the target bacterial groups in the microcosms under aerobic conditions was not affected by varying NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N concentrations. Sequencing of the near-full-length 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) gene amplicons with PMA pretreatment revealed that the primary <i>Aeromonas</i> and <i>Arcobacter</i> populations in the initial microcosms were pathogenic species relatives. Conversely, the major <i>Mycobacterium</i> populations thriving in the microcosms were presumably uncultured species with low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (< 98.65%) to the cultured species. This study provides insights to improve sanitation risk assessment and promote suitable policy implementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"235 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","FirstCategoryId":"6","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11270-024-07571-x","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Understanding the behavior of pathogenic bacterial groups from domestic wastewater in surface water is critical to improving sanitation risk assessment and supporting effective policy implementation. Despite their importance, their behavior in freshwater environments is not fully understood. This study examined the behavior of pathogenic bacterial groups frequently found in domestic wastewater–Aeromonas, Arcobacter, and Mycobacterium—in freshwater microcosms containing domestic wastewater with different initial ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) concentrations (2, 5, and 15 mg N L−1). Digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) assays with propidium monoazide (PMA) pretreatment were used to evaluate the behavior of viable targeted bacteria. Aeromonas and Arcobacter decayed quickly after the experiment began, with typical first-order decay constants of 0.718 to 0.820 day−1 and 1.14 to 1.19 day−1, respectively. These rates were comparable or higher than those of Escherichia coli, an indicator of fecal contamination (0.586–0.680 day−1). Conversely, the abundance of Mycobacterium increased over the course of the 7-day experiment. The decay or growth of the target bacterial groups in the microcosms under aerobic conditions was not affected by varying NH4+-N concentrations. Sequencing of the near-full-length 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) gene amplicons with PMA pretreatment revealed that the primary Aeromonas and Arcobacter populations in the initial microcosms were pathogenic species relatives. Conversely, the major Mycobacterium populations thriving in the microcosms were presumably uncultured species with low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (< 98.65%) to the cultured species. This study provides insights to improve sanitation risk assessment and promote suitable policy implementation.
期刊介绍:
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments.
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Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.