High-performance shape-memory-polymer (SMP) composites via optimization of multidimensional graphitic-carbon fillers and development of heat-fire-and-smoke alarm devices using SMP composites

IF 23.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1007/s42114-024-00978-4

Jeet Vishwakarma, Shubham Jaiswal, Chetna Dhand, Reuben J. Yeo, Hui Ru Tan, Rajeev Kumar, Pradip Kumar, Narendra Singh, Alka Mishra, Ajay Naik, Avanish K. Srivastava, Neeraj Dwivedi

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Abstract

Understanding how sp² carbons of different dimensionality engineer the shape memory polymer is crucial for fundamental science and developing next-generation technologies. Further, with modernization, widespread adoption of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, as well as hotter, drier weather attributed to climate change, has indirectly led to a globally increasing trend of fire-related accidents. To prevent such accidents from causing large-scale destruction and casualties, the rapid detection of a fire event is extremely important. In this work, we have developed mechanically robust shape memory polyurethane (PU) composites containing graphitic-carbon fillers that exhibit good thermo-responsiveness. Reinforcement of the PU matrix by three types of graphitic-carbon fillers, namely 3D graphite, 2D multilayer graphene, and 1D multiwall carbon nanotubes, yielded 36–47% and 20–29% faster shape recovery in hot-water and hot-air environments, respectively, with minimum shape recovery time of 14 s in former and 106 s in latter environments, thermal conductivity enhancement of 15 to 55%, enhanced shape-recovery ratio (up to 100%), increased shape recovery stress by ~ 34–96%, lowered coefficient of friction by 2–3 times, and improved wear resistance with respect to pristine PU. We found that a low concentration (~ 0.02–0.2 wt%) of all three types of fillers was adequate to enhance the thermal conductivity and shape recovery ratio while maintaining the composite’s stretchability, whereas higher-filler concentrations (~ 1.0–2.0 wt%) were required to substantially increase the shape recovery speed and improve the tribological properties. Finally, PU-graphite composites were integrated into two embodiments of fire alarm device prototypes that we developed and were found to work efficiently and reliably under various simulated environments and field tests.

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通过优化多维石墨碳填料实现高性能形状记忆聚合物 (SMP) 复合材料，以及利用 SMP 复合材料开发热-火-烟报警装置

了解不同维度的 sp2 碳如何设计形状记忆聚合物对于基础科学和开发下一代技术至关重要。此外，随着现代化的发展，可充电锂离子电池的广泛采用，以及气候变化导致的更炎热、更干燥的天气，间接导致全球范围内与火灾有关的事故呈上升趋势。为防止此类事故造成大规模破坏和人员伤亡，快速检测火灾事件极为重要。在这项工作中，我们开发出了含有石墨碳填料的机械坚固型形状记忆聚氨酯（PU）复合材料，这种复合材料具有良好的热响应性。用三种石墨-碳填料（即三维石墨、二维多层石墨烯和一维多壁碳纳米管）增强聚氨酯基体，在热水和热空气环境中的形状恢复速度分别提高了 36% 至 47% 和 20% 至 29%、与原始聚氨酯相比，前者的形状恢复时间最短为 14 秒，后者的形状恢复时间最短为 106 秒，热导率提高了 15% 至 55%，形状恢复比提高了（高达 100%），形状恢复应力提高了约 34%-96%，摩擦系数降低了 2-3 倍，耐磨性提高了。我们发现，三种填料的低浓度（约 0.02-0.2 wt%）足以提高热导率和形状复原率，同时保持复合材料的拉伸性，而高浓度（约 1.0-2.0 wt%）填料则可大幅提高形状复原速度并改善摩擦学特性。最后，聚氨酯-石墨复合材料被集成到我们开发的两种火灾报警装置原型中，并在各种模拟环境和现场测试中高效可靠地工作。

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来源期刊

Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials Multiple-

CiteScore

26.00

自引率

21.40%

发文量

185

期刊介绍： Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials is a leading international journal that promotes interdisciplinary collaboration among materials scientists, engineers, chemists, biologists, and physicists working on composites, including nanocomposites. Our aim is to facilitate rapid scientific communication in this field. The journal publishes high-quality research on various aspects of composite materials, including materials design, surface and interface science/engineering, manufacturing, structure control, property design, device fabrication, and other applications. We also welcome simulation and modeling studies that are relevant to composites. Additionally, papers focusing on the relationship between fillers and the matrix are of particular interest. Our scope includes polymer, metal, and ceramic matrices, with a special emphasis on reviews and meta-analyses related to materials selection. We cover a wide range of topics, including transport properties, strategies for controlling interfaces and composition distribution, bottom-up assembly of nanocomposites, highly porous and high-density composites, electronic structure design, materials synergisms, and thermoelectric materials. Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials follows a rigorous single-blind peer-review process to ensure the quality and integrity of the published work.