Energy consumers barriers/motivations to becoming a prosumer

Abstract

The transition from energy consumers to prosumers, who produce, store, and sell energy, is crucial for sustainable energy systems. This study investigates the barriers and motivations for households in Kogi State, Nigeria, to adopt prosumption, utilizing a mixed-methods approach. Data were collected through questionnaires administered via the Kobo-collect tool and personal interviews. Factor analysis was used to develop summated scales for motivational and barrier factors, followed by cluster analysis to identify distinct consumer/prosumer groups. The findings revealed that 85.3% (384 individuals) within the study area do not generate energy within their households, while 14.7% (66 individuals) were already engaged in energy production and two primary clusters emerged: passive consumers, with little interest in energy-related investments, and green consumers, motivated by environmental concerns and cost savings. Key barriers to prosumption include financial constraints, lack of information, and the absence of supportive policies such as net metering. Motivational factors are linked to environmental self-identity and energy literacy. The study highlights the need for targeted policies and effective information dissemination to address these barriers and promote prosumption. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers and energy companies aiming to encourage the adoption of renewable energy technologies in developing regions. It underscores the importance of supportive infrastructure, financial incentives, and comprehensive information campaigns to enhance prosumption adoption.