Overview of hyperprolactinemia: General approach and reproductive health implications

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103102

Fabian Haidenberg-David, Jessica Sidauy-Adissi, Alberto Moscona-Nissan, Esbeydi Jonguitud-Zumaya, Montserrat Fugarolas-Morinelli, Florencia Martinez-Mendoza, Keiko Taniguchi-Ponciano, Daniel Marrero-Rodríguez, Moises Mercado

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Prolactin (PRL) is a polypeptide hormone produced by the lactotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Among its myriads of biological functions, PRL is the main regulator of mammary gland growth and development, as well as of the production and secretion of milk. Hyperprolactinemia represents a frequent consultation cause in medical practice. Nevertheless, elevations in serum PRL are not always pathological. Drug induced hyperprolactinemia is the most common cause, mainly by antipsychotics, followed by other causes such as pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, physiologic conditions, and systemic diseases such as chronic kidney disease and hypothyroidism. When evaluating a patient with hyperprolactinemia it is of utmost importance to consider the diverse etiologies of this condition in order to avoid unnecessary diagnostic workup and treatment. Regarding reproductive health, hyperprolactinemia is a well-documented cause of infertility, as approximately 15-20% of women undergoing infertility evaluation have hyperprolactinemia, which causes secondary amenorrhea, and other menstrual irregularities. Similarly, in men it is a cause of hypogonadism.

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高催乳素血症概述：一般方法和对生殖健康的影响。

催乳素（PRL）是一种多肽激素，由垂体前叶的泌乳细胞产生。在其众多生物功能中，PRL 是乳腺生长和发育以及乳汁产生和分泌的主要调节因子。高催乳素血症是医疗实践中的常见病因。然而，血清 PRL 升高并不总是病态的。药物诱发的高泌乳素血症是最常见的原因，主要是抗精神病药物，其次是垂体神经内分泌肿瘤、生理性疾病和全身性疾病（如慢性肾病和甲状腺功能减退症）等其他原因。在对高催乳素血症患者进行评估时，最重要的是要考虑到这种病症的各种病因，以避免不必要的诊断工作和治疗。在生殖健康方面，高催乳素血症是导致不孕不育的一个有据可查的原因，在接受不孕不育评估的女性中，约有 15-20% 的人患有高催乳素血症，这会导致继发性闭经和其他月经不调。同样，它也是导致男性性腺功能减退的原因之一。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Archives of Medical Research 医学-医学：研究与实验

CiteScore

12.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

28 days

期刊介绍： Archives of Medical Research serves as a platform for publishing original peer-reviewed medical research, aiming to bridge gaps created by medical specialization. The journal covers three main categories - biomedical, clinical, and epidemiological contributions, along with review articles and preliminary communications. With an international scope, it presents the study of diseases from diverse perspectives, offering the medical community original investigations ranging from molecular biology to clinical epidemiology in a single publication.