Effect of attention on ensemble perception: Comparison between exogenous attention, endogenous attention, and depth.

IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY
Binglong Li, Xiaoyu Wang, Ke Zhang, Jiehui Qian
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Abstract

Ensemble perception is an important ability of human beings that allows one to extract summary information for scenes and environments that contain information that far exceeds the processing limit of the visual system. Although attention has been shown to bias ensemble perception, two important questions remain unclear: (1) whether direct manipulations on different types of spatial attention could produce similar effects on ensembles and (2) whether factors potentially influencing the attention distribution, such as depth perception, could evoke an indirect effect of attention on ensemble representation. This study aims to address these questions. In Experiments 1 and 2, two types of precues were used to evoke exogenous and endogenous attention, respectively, and the ensemble color perceptions were examined. We found that both exogenous and endogenous attention biased ensemble representation towards the attended items, and the latter produced a greater effect. In Experiments 3 and 4, we examined whether depth perception could affect color ensembles by indirectly influencing attention allocation in 3D space. The items were separated in two depth planes, and no explicit cues were applied. The results showed that color ensemble was biased to closer items when depth information was task relevant. This suggests that ensemble perception is naturally biased in 3D space, probably through the mechanism of attention. Computational modeling consistently showed that attention exerted a direct shift on the ensemble statistics rather than averaging the feature values over the cued and noncued items, providing evidence against an averaging process of individual perception.

注意力对集合感知的影响:外源性注意、内源性注意和深度之间的比较。
集合感知是人类的一项重要能力,它使人们能够提取场景和环境的概要信息,而这些场景和环境所包含的信息远远超出了视觉系统的处理极限。尽管注意力已被证明会偏向集合感知,但有两个重要问题仍不清楚:(1) 直接操纵不同类型的空间注意力是否会对集合产生类似的影响;(2) 可能影响注意力分布的因素(如深度知觉)是否会唤起注意力对集合表征的间接影响。本研究旨在解决这些问题。在实验 1 和 2 中,我们分别使用了两种类型的前兆来唤起外源性和内源性注意,并对集合的颜色感知进行了研究。我们发现,外源性和内源性注意都会使集合表征偏向被注意的项目,而后者产生的影响更大。在实验 3 和 4 中,我们研究了深度知觉是否会通过间接影响三维空间的注意分配来影响颜色集合。项目被分隔在两个深度平面上,并且没有使用明确的提示。结果显示,当深度信息与任务相关时,颜色集合偏向于更近的项目。这表明,在三维空间中,集合感知可能是通过注意力机制自然偏向的。计算建模一致表明,注意力对集合统计产生了直接影响,而不是对提示和非提示项目的特征值进行平均,这为个体感知的平均过程提供了证据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
17.60%
发文量
197
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The journal Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics is an official journal of the Psychonomic Society. It spans all areas of research in sensory processes, perception, attention, and psychophysics. Most articles published are reports of experimental work; the journal also presents theoretical, integrative, and evaluative reviews. Commentary on issues of importance to researchers appears in a special section of the journal. Founded in 1966 as Perception & Psychophysics, the journal assumed its present name in 2009.
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