Most people do not attribute their burnout symptoms to work

IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY
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Abstract

A prevailing belief among researchers is that burnout is a work-specific syndrome induced by intractable job stress. The validity of this belief, however, remains unclear. This cross-sectional study compared burnout with two general conditions, nonspecific psychological distress (NSPD) and exhaustion, in terms of (a) causal attributions to work and (b) associations with 11 job variables (e.g., job satisfaction). The study involved 813 individuals employed in Norway (70.5 % female). Burnout was assessed with the Burnout Assessment Tool; NSPD, with the K6; and exhaustion, with the Karolinska Exhaustion Disorder Scale. Results showed that only 27.7 % of participants with burnout symptoms attributed these symptoms to work. The proportions of individuals ascribing their symptoms to work were similar for NSPD (26.9 %) and exhaustion (27.5 %). The higher one's burnout score, the higher the likelihood of attributing one's burnout, NSPD, and exhaustion symptoms to work. Overall, burnout shared more variance with job variables than did NSPD and exhaustion. Coworker support, job security, and job autonomy constituted notable exceptions. In multiple regression analyses, seven of the 11 job variables predicted NSPD; five predicted burnout and exhaustion. An a posteriori analysis of a nationally balanced quota sample of 591 U.S. employees (48.2 % female) replicated our main finding—only 35.9 % of participants attributed their burnout symptoms to work. This study invites stakeholders to exercise more caution when making etiological inferences about burnout. Assuming that symptoms experienced at work are necessarily caused by work may hinder our ability to mitigate these symptoms. Our findings further question work-centric views of burnout.
大多数人不会把自己的职业倦怠症状归咎于工作。
研究人员普遍认为,职业倦怠是一种由难以承受的工作压力诱发的工作综合症。然而,这种观点的正确性仍不明确。这项横断面研究比较了职业倦怠与非特异性心理困扰(NSPD)和精疲力竭这两种一般情况在(a)对工作的因果归因和(b)与 11 个工作变量(如工作满意度)之间的关联。这项研究涉及在挪威工作的813人(70.5%为女性)。倦怠感通过倦怠感评估工具进行评估;NSPD通过K6进行评估;精疲力竭则通过卡罗林斯卡精疲力竭障碍量表进行评估。结果显示,只有 27.7% 有职业倦怠症状的参与者将这些症状归咎于工作。将自己的症状归因于工作的人数比例,在 NSPD(26.9%)和精疲力竭(27.5%)方面相似。职业倦怠得分越高,将自己的职业倦怠、NSPD 和疲惫症状归因于工作的可能性就越大。总体而言,工作倦怠与工作变量之间的差异要大于 NSPD 和精疲力竭。同事支持、工作安全感和工作自主性是明显的例外。在多元回归分析中,11 个工作变量中有 7 个预测了 NSPD,5 个预测了职业倦怠和精疲力竭。对 591 名美国雇员(48.2% 为女性)的全国均衡配额样本进行的后验分析重复了我们的主要发现--只有 35.9% 的参与者将其职业倦怠症状归因于工作。这项研究提醒相关人员在对职业倦怠进行病因学推断时要更加谨慎。假设在工作中出现的症状一定是由工作引起的,可能会妨碍我们减轻这些症状的能力。我们的研究结果进一步质疑了以工作为中心的职业倦怠观点。
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来源期刊
Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Journal of Psychosomatic Research 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
6.40%
发文量
314
审稿时长
6.2 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Psychosomatic Research is a multidisciplinary research journal covering all aspects of the relationships between psychology and medicine. The scope is broad and ranges from basic human biological and psychological research to evaluations of treatment and services. Papers will normally be concerned with illness or patients rather than studies of healthy populations. Studies concerning special populations, such as the elderly and children and adolescents, are welcome. In addition to peer-reviewed original papers, the journal publishes editorials, reviews, and other papers related to the journal''s aims.
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