Childhood Hypertension: A Retrospective Analysis of Causes, Treatments, and Complications.

IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS
Mohamed S Al Riyami, Aisha Al Shuaibi, Suad Al Jardani, Asma Elfar, Anisa Al Maskari, Badria Al Gaithi, Sulaiman Al Saidi, Naifain Al Kalbani
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Abstract

Background: Hypertension is prevalent in the pediatric population, with estimated rates between 2% and 5%, and its incidence is rising globally. This study offers a single-center analysis of hypertension in children.

Methods: a retrospective chart review was conducted involving children aged 1 month to 13 years diagnosed with hypertension.

Results: The study included a total of 129 children. Secondary hypertension was identified in 103 patients (79.8%), while primary hypertension was noted in 26 patients (20.2%). Primary hypertension was more common among pre-teen children (50.0%), whereas secondary hypertension predominantly affected those aged 1 to 5 years. Renal parenchymal disease emerged as the most frequent etiology of secondary hypertension, followed by endocrine disorders and vascular issues. No significant correlation was found between hypertension and obesity. The primary complications associated with hypertension in these children were cardiovascular, followed by neurological issues. A small proportion (14.7%) managed their hypertension solely through lifestyle modifications, while the majority required additional antihypertensive medications. At the final follow-up, 50% of the children demonstrated improved blood pressure readings.

Conclusion: The findings indicate a higher prevalence of secondary hypertension compared to primary hypertension among the studied population. This study underscores the necessity for heightened awareness among pediatricians regarding the early identification and management of hypertension. Larger population-based studies are warranted to further investigate the prevalence, causes, and outcomes of hypertension in this region.

儿童高血压:病因、治疗和并发症的回顾性分析。
背景:高血压在儿科人群中很普遍,估计发病率在 2% 到 5% 之间,而且发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。本研究对儿童高血压进行了单中心分析。方法:对确诊为高血压的 1 个月至 13 岁儿童进行了回顾性病历审查:研究共纳入 129 名儿童。103名患者(79.8%)被确诊为继发性高血压,26名患者(20.2%)被确诊为原发性高血压。原发性高血压更常见于十岁前的儿童(50.0%),而继发性高血压主要影响 1 至 5 岁的儿童。肾实质疾病是继发性高血压最常见的病因,其次是内分泌失调和血管问题。高血压与肥胖之间没有明显的相关性。这些儿童高血压的主要并发症是心血管疾病,其次是神经系统疾病。一小部分患儿(14.7%)仅通过改变生活方式来控制高血压,而大部分患儿则需要额外服用降压药物。在最后的随访中,50%的儿童血压读数有所改善:研究结果表明,在研究人群中,继发性高血压的发病率高于原发性高血压。这项研究强调,儿科医生有必要提高对高血压的早期识别和管理意识。有必要进行更大规模的人群研究,以进一步调查该地区高血压的患病率、原因和结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Children-Basel
Children-Basel PEDIATRICS-
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
16.70%
发文量
1735
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Children is an international, open access journal dedicated to a streamlined, yet scientifically rigorous, dissemination of peer-reviewed science related to childhood health and disease in developed and developing countries. The publication focuses on sharing clinical, epidemiological and translational science relevant to children’s health. Moreover, the primary goals of the publication are to highlight under‑represented pediatric disciplines, to emphasize interdisciplinary research and to disseminate advances in knowledge in global child health. In addition to original research, the journal publishes expert editorials and commentaries, clinical case reports, and insightful communications reflecting the latest developments in pediatric medicine. By publishing meritorious articles as soon as the editorial review process is completed, rather than at predefined intervals, Children also permits rapid open access sharing of new information, allowing us to reach the broadest audience in the most expedient fashion.
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