Narrative review of tissue-mimicking materials for MRI phantoms: Composition, fabrication, and relaxation properties

IF 2.5 Q2 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Radiography Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.radi.2024.09.063

H. Yusuff , S. Chatelin , J.-P. Dillenseger

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

Tissue-mimicking materials (TMMs) are now essential reference objects for quality control, development and training in all medical imaging modalities. This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of materials used in the fabrication of TMMs for MRI phantoms, focusing on their composition, fabrication methods, and relaxation properties (T1 and T2).

Methods

A systematic review was conducted, covering articles published between 1980 and 2023. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies involving physical MRI phantoms with measured T1 and T2 relaxation times. Exclusion criteria filtered out non-MRI studies, and digital/computational models.

Results

The review identifies and categorizes TMMs based on their primary gelling agents: agar, carrageenan, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and other less common gels. Agar emerged as the most frequently used gelling agent due to its versatility and favorable MRI signal properties. Carrageenans, noted for their strength and minimal impact on T2 values, are often used in combination with agar. Gelatin, PVA, and other materials like Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and PolyvinylPyrrolidone (PVP) also demonstrate unique advantages for specific applications. The review also highlights the challenges in phantom stability and the impact of various additives on the relaxation properties.

Conclusion

This synthesis provides a valuable guide for the fabrication of MRI phantoms tailored to desired T1 and T2 relaxation times, facilitating the development of more accurate and reliable imaging tools. Understanding the detailed properties of TMMs is fundamental to improve the quality control and educational applications of MRI technologies, especially with the advent of new magnetic field strengths and parametric imaging techniques.

Implication for practice

As experts in MRI systems, radiographers, educators, and researchers need to understand TMM compositions and methods of fabrications to develop MRI phantoms for educational tools and research purposes. This review serves as a valuable resource to guide them in these efforts.

查看原文本刊更多论文

核磁共振成像模型组织模拟材料综述：成分、制造和弛豫特性。

介绍：组织模拟材料（TMM）是目前所有医学成像模式质量控制、开发和培训的重要参考对象。本综述旨在全面综述用于制造核磁共振成像模型 TMM 的材料，重点关注其成分、制造方法和弛豫特性（T1 和 T2）：方法：我们对 1980 年至 2023 年间发表的文章进行了系统回顾。纳入标准包括涉及具有测量 T1 和 T2 松弛时间的物理磁共振成像模型的研究。排除标准过滤了非 MRI 研究和数字/计算模型：综述根据主要凝胶剂（琼脂、卡拉胶、明胶、聚乙烯醇（PVA）和其他不太常见的凝胶）对TMM进行了识别和分类。琼脂因其多功能性和良好的磁共振成像信号特性而成为最常用的胶凝剂。卡拉胶因其强度大、对 T2 值影响小而著称，经常与琼脂结合使用。明胶、PVA 和其他材料，如聚氯乙烯 (PVC) 和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVP)，也在特定应用中显示出独特的优势。综述还强调了幻影稳定性方面的挑战以及各种添加剂对弛豫特性的影响：本综述为根据所需的 T1 和 T2 驰豫时间制造磁共振成像模型提供了宝贵的指导，有助于开发更精确、更可靠的成像工具。了解 TMM 的详细特性对于改进磁共振成像技术的质量控制和教育应用至关重要，尤其是随着新磁场强度和参数成像技术的出现：作为磁共振成像系统的专家，放射技师、教育工作者和研究人员需要了解 TMM 的成分和制造方法，以便开发用于教育工具和研究目的的磁共振成像模型。本综述是指导他们开展这些工作的宝贵资源。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Radiography RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING-

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

34.60%

发文量

169

审稿时长

63 days

期刊介绍： Radiography is an International, English language, peer-reviewed journal of diagnostic imaging and radiation therapy. Radiography is the official professional journal of the College of Radiographers and is published quarterly. Radiography aims to publish the highest quality material, both clinical and scientific, on all aspects of diagnostic imaging and radiation therapy and oncology.