Pertussis Outbreak During 2023 in Gipuzkoa, North Spain.

IF 5.2 3区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccines Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.3390/vaccines12101192

José María Marimón, Milagrosa Montes, Nahikari Vizuete, Lorea Alvarez Guerrico, Adrian Hugo Aginagalde, Alba Mir-Cros, Juan José González-López, Diego Vicente

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Pertussis has re-emerged in many countries despite the wide use of vaccines for over 60 years. During 2023, we observed an increase in the incidence of pertussis in Gipuzkoa, north of Spain (with a population of 657,140 inhabitants), mainly affecting children between 11 and 15 years of age.

Methods: This study included all confirmed cases diagnosed by PCR in nasopharyngeal swab samples. The genome of seven isolates collected in 2023 was sequenced.

Results: Between 2018 and 2023, 884 cases of whooping cough were diagnosed. Pertussis incidence (in cases per 100,000 inhabitants) decreased from 36.7 in 2018 to no cases in 2021, increasing again to 56.8 in 2023. In 2023, the age group of 11-15 years old had the highest incidence rate of 409.3. Only 2 of the 56 children < 6 years old required hospitalization, and there were no deaths. The seven isolates collected in 2023 showed the same BPagST-4 (ptxA1/ptxP3/prn2/fim2-1/fim3-1 allelic combination), with all of them expressing the pertactin antigen.

Conclusions: Immunity waning after the last dose of vaccination at 6 years old, together with the lack of circulation of Bordetella pertussis during the COVID-19 pandemic, were probably the main reasons for the high increase in the incidence of pertussis in Gipuzkoa in 2023.

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2023 年西班牙北部吉普斯夸爆发百日咳疫情。

背景：尽管疫苗已广泛使用了 60 多年，但百日咳仍在许多国家重新抬头。2023 年期间，我们在西班牙北部的吉普斯夸（Gipuzkoa，人口为 657 140 人）发现百日咳发病率有所上升，主要影响 11 至 15 岁的儿童：这项研究包括所有通过鼻咽拭子样本的 PCR 检测确诊的病例。对 2023 年收集到的 7 个分离株的基因组进行了测序：2018 年至 2023 年间，共确诊 884 例百日咳病例。百日咳发病率（以每 10 万居民病例数计）从 2018 年的 36.7 例降至 2021 年的无病例，2023 年又增至 56.8 例。2023 年，11-15 岁年龄组的发病率最高，为 409.3 例。56 名小于 6 岁的儿童中只有 2 人需要住院治疗，没有死亡病例。2023年收集的7个分离株显示出相同的BPagST-4（ptxA1/ptxP3/prn2/fim2-1/fim3-1等位基因组合），所有分离株都表达 pertactin 抗原：结论：6 岁时接种最后一剂疫苗后免疫力下降，再加上 COVID-19 大流行期间百日咳博德特菌缺乏流通，可能是 2023 年吉普斯夸百日咳发病率大幅上升的主要原因。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Vaccines Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmacology

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

16.70%

发文量

1853

审稿时长

18.06 days

期刊介绍： Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal focused on laboratory and clinical vaccine research, utilization and immunization. Vaccines publishes high quality reviews, regular research papers, communications and case reports.