Development of Smallpox Antibody Testing and Surveillance Following Smallpox Vaccination in the Republic of Korea.

IF 5.2 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY
Vaccines Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.3390/vaccines12101105
Hwachul Shin, SangEun Lee, Myung-Min Choi, Hwajung Yi, Yoon-Seok Chung
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Abstract

Background: Despite its global eradication in 1977, smallpox remains a concern owing to its potential as a biological agent, thereby prompting the ongoing development and utilization of its vaccine. Vaccination with the Vaccinia virus induces immunity against variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox; however, this immunity does not extend to viruses of different genera within the Poxviridae family. In this study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method utilizing Vaccinia virus and recombinant A27L antigen for detecting antibodies against smallpox. Methods. An analysis of the serum from 20 individuals pre- and post-vaccination with the CJ strain (CJ50300) revealed neutralizing antibodies, which were confirmed using the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). The ELISA method, validated with a PRNT50 cut-off value of >4, exhibited a sensitivity and specificity of >95% and was particularly reactive with the inactivated virus. Furthermore, adherence to the smallpox vaccination policy revealed significant differences in Orthopoxvirus antibody levels among 300 individuals of different age groups. These findings highlight the reliability and efficacy of the ELISA method in detecting post-vaccination antibodies and contribute significantly to diagnostic methods to prepare for potential smallpox resurgence and bioterrorism threats.

大韩民国天花疫苗接种后天花抗体检测和监测的发展。
背景:尽管天花已于 1977 年在全球范围内被根除,但由于其可能成为一种生物制剂,因此仍令人担忧,这也促使人们不断开发和利用天花疫苗。接种 Vaccinia 病毒可诱导对天花病原体水痘病毒的免疫力,但这种免疫力并不能延伸到痘病毒科不同属的病毒。在本研究中,我们旨在评估利用 Vaccinia 病毒和重组 A27L 抗原的酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法检测天花抗体的有效性。检测方法对接种 CJ 株(CJ50300)前后 20 人的血清进行分析,发现了中和抗体,并用斑块还原中和试验(PRNT)进行了确认。酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法的灵敏度和特异性均大于 95%,PRNT50 临界值大于 4。此外,对天花疫苗接种政策的遵守情况表明,300 名不同年龄段的人的正痘病毒抗体水平存在显著差异。这些发现凸显了 ELISA 方法在检测疫苗接种后抗体方面的可靠性和有效性,并极大地促进了诊断方法的发展,为应对潜在的天花复发和生物恐怖主义威胁做好准备。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Vaccines
Vaccines Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmacology
CiteScore
8.90
自引率
16.70%
发文量
1853
审稿时长
18.06 days
期刊介绍: Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal focused on laboratory and clinical vaccine research, utilization and immunization. Vaccines publishes high quality reviews, regular research papers, communications and case reports.
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