Soil Actinobacteria Exhibit Metabolic Capabilities for Degrading the Toxic and Persistent Herbicide Metribuzin.

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI:10.3390/toxics12100709

Hadjer Rebai, Essam Nageh Sholkamy, Mohamed A A Abdelhamid, Pratheesh Prakasam Thanka, Ashraf Aly Hassan, Seung Pil Pack, Mi-Ran Ki, Allaoueddine Boudemagh

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Abstract

Metribuzin, a widely used triazine herbicide, persists in agricultural soils and poses significant environmental pollution threats globally. The aim of this study was to investigate the biodegradation of metribuzin by actinobacterial strains in vitro at different environmental conditions. From an initial screen of 12 actinobacterial strains, four bacteria exhibited robust growth in the presence of the metribuzin as the sole carbon source at 50 mg/L concentration. The optimization of metribuzin biodegradation under different conditions (pH, temperature and inoculum size) using a spectrophotometric method revealed that maximum degradation of metribuzin occurred at a pH of 7.2, a temperature 30 °C, and at an inoculum volume of 4%. Subsequent GC-MS validation confirmed the remarkable biodegradation capabilities of the actinobacterial isolates, where the strain C1 showed the highest rate of metribuzin degradation of 83.12%. Detailed phylogenetic identified the active strains as Streptomyces toxytricini (CH), Streptomyces stelliscabiei (B2), and two Streptomyces heliomycini (C1, C3). Structural analysis by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the extensive biotransformation of the herbicide molecule. Our findings highlight the immense untapped potential of soil actinobacteria, particularly the Streptomyces heliomycini C1 strain, as versatile bioremediation agents for removing persistent agrochemical pollutants.

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土壤放线菌具有降解有毒和持久性除草剂 Metribuzin 的代谢能力。

Metribuzin 是一种广泛使用的三嗪类除草剂，在农业土壤中持久存在，对全球环境造成了严重的污染威胁。本研究旨在调查放线菌菌株在体外不同环境条件下对嗪草酮的生物降解情况。在初步筛选的 12 株放线菌中，有 4 种细菌在以 50 毫克/升浓度的 metribuzin 为唯一碳源的情况下表现出强劲的生长能力。使用分光光度法优化了不同条件（pH 值、温度和接种物大小）下的 metribuzin 生物降解，结果表明，在 pH 值为 7.2、温度为 30 °C、接种物体积为 4% 时，metribuzin 的降解量最大。随后进行的气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）验证证实了放线菌分离物显著的生物降解能力，其中菌株 C1 的甲基立枯磷降解率最高，达 83.12%。详细的系统发育确定了活性菌株为 Streptomyces toxytricini（CH）、Streptomyces stelliscabiei（B2）和两种 Streptomyces heliomycini（C1、C3）。通过 ATR-FTIR 光谱进行的结构分析证实了除草剂分子的广泛生物转化。我们的研究结果凸显了土壤放线菌，尤其是氦霉链菌 C1 菌株作为多功能生物修复剂在清除持久性农用化学品污染物方面尚未开发的巨大潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Toxics Chemical Engineering-Chemical Health and Safety

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

10.90%

发文量

681

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal accepts papers describing work that furthers our understanding of the exposure, effects, and risks of chemicals and materials in humans and the natural environment as well as approaches to assess and/or manage the toxicological and ecotoxicological risks of chemicals and materials. The journal covers a wide range of toxic substances, including metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, biocides, nanomaterials, and polymers such as micro- and mesoplastics. Toxics accepts papers covering: The occurrence, transport, and fate of chemicals and materials in different systems (e.g., food, air, water, soil); Exposure of humans and the environment to toxic chemicals and materials as well as modelling and experimental approaches for characterizing the exposure in, e.g., water, air, soil, food, and consumer products; Uptake, metabolism, and effects of chemicals and materials in a wide range of systems including in-vitro toxicological assays, aquatic and terrestrial organisms and ecosystems, model mammalian systems, and humans; Approaches to assess the risks of chemicals and materials to humans and the environment; Methodologies to eliminate or reduce the exposure of humans and the environment to toxic chemicals and materials.