A Long-Term Assessment of Nitrogen Removal Performance and Microecosystem Evolution in Bioretention Columns Modified with Sponge Iron.

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.3390/toxics12100727
Zizeng Lin, Qinghuan Shi, Qiumei He
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Abstract

The nitrogen removal performance of bioretention urgently needs to be improved, and sponge iron has great potential to address this challenge. This study reported the results of a long-term investigation on bioretention columns improved by sponge iron, examining the durability of sponge iron from nitrogen removal performance, sponge iron properties, and the evolution of biological elements. The results showed that after 9 months of continuous operation, the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), and total nitrogen (TN) in the bioretention columns with an appropriate proportion of sponge iron could reach 80% (some even over 90%). However, the long-term stress of sponge iron exposure, combined with the cumulative effect of pollutants, might lead to the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants, thereby posing risks of diminished chlorophyll content and enzyme activity. Simultaneously, the extended exposure could also have detrimental effects on microbial diversity and the abundance of dominant bacteria such as Proteobacteria and Sphingorhabdus. Therefore, it is necessary to select plant species and functional genes that demonstrate high adaptability to iron-induced stress.

对使用海绵铁改良的生物滞留柱的脱氮性能和微生态系统演变的长期评估
生物滞留的脱氮性能亟待提高,而海绵铁在应对这一挑战方面具有巨大潜力。本研究报告了对使用海绵铁改进的生物滞留柱进行长期调查的结果,从脱氮性能、海绵铁特性和生物元素演变等方面考察了海绵铁的耐久性。结果表明,经过 9 个月的连续运行,适当比例海绵铁的生物滞留柱对氨氮(NH4+-N)、硝态氮(NO3--N)和总氮(TN)的去除率可达 80%(有些甚至超过 90%)。然而,海绵铁的长期暴露压力加上污染物的累积效应,可能会导致植物体内活性氧(ROS)的过度积累,从而带来叶绿素含量和酶活性降低的风险。同时,长时间接触污染物也会对微生物多样性和优势菌(如变形菌和鞘氨醇杆菌)的数量产生不利影响。因此,有必要选择对铁诱导胁迫具有高度适应性的植物物种和功能基因。
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来源期刊
Toxics
Toxics Chemical Engineering-Chemical Health and Safety
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
10.90%
发文量
681
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal accepts papers describing work that furthers our understanding of the exposure, effects, and risks of chemicals and materials in humans and the natural environment as well as approaches to assess and/or manage the toxicological and ecotoxicological risks of chemicals and materials. The journal covers a wide range of toxic substances, including metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, biocides, nanomaterials, and polymers such as micro- and mesoplastics. Toxics accepts papers covering: The occurrence, transport, and fate of chemicals and materials in different systems (e.g., food, air, water, soil); Exposure of humans and the environment to toxic chemicals and materials as well as modelling and experimental approaches for characterizing the exposure in, e.g., water, air, soil, food, and consumer products; Uptake, metabolism, and effects of chemicals and materials in a wide range of systems including in-vitro toxicological assays, aquatic and terrestrial organisms and ecosystems, model mammalian systems, and humans; Approaches to assess the risks of chemicals and materials to humans and the environment; Methodologies to eliminate or reduce the exposure of humans and the environment to toxic chemicals and materials.
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