Pediatric cognitive reserve moderates the effect of brain structure in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Evidence for an optimized residual approach.

IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES
Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1037/neu0000978
Zubin A Irani, Andrew M C Sheridan, Vicki Anderson, Timothy J Silk, Michael Weinborn, Brandon E Gavett
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: To validate a residual-based cognitive reserve (CR) index optimized for a pediatric sample with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Method: Participants were N = 115 children aged 9.5-13 years at baseline (Mage = 10.48 years, SDage = 0.61), and n = 43 (37.4%) met criteria for ADHD. Elastic-net regularized linear regression was used to generate baseline and longitudinal CR indices by maximally residualizing variance in fluid intelligence for demographics and brain structure. Academic and diagnostic outcomes were regressed onto CR indices, and interactions with brain integrity were assessed.

Results: Baseline CR predicted baseline math computation (estimate = 0.10, SE = 0.02, p < .001), while change in CR predicted change in word reading ability (estimate = 0.08, SE = 0.02, p < .001). Further, when grey matter volume tended to be lower, higher CR was associated with higher word reading score (estimate = -0.05, SE = 0.02, p = .019) and lower ADHD symptom severity (estimate = 0.04, SE = 0.02, p = .047) compared to lower CR, at baseline. Similarly, when longitudinal change in white matter hypointensity volume tended to be greater, higher change in CR resulted in more favorable word reading trajectory (estimate = 0.03, SE = 0.02, p = .048).

Conclusions: A data-driven residual approach to operationalizing pediatric CR shows better evidence of construct validity over previous methods, with our index showing a novel ability to moderate the deleterious effects of lower grey matter on outcomes in ADHD. This approach may benefit future research aiming to study the early development of CR. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

小儿认知储备调节大脑结构对注意力缺陷/多动障碍的影响:优化剩余方法的证据。
目的:验证基于残差的认知储备(CR)指数:验证基于残差的认知储备(CR)指数,该指数针对注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)儿童样本进行了优化:基线年龄为 9.5-13 岁的儿童有 115 人(平均年龄为 10.48 岁,平均年龄为 0.61 岁),符合多动症标准的有 43 人(37.4%)。采用弹性网正则化线性回归,通过对人口统计学和大脑结构的流体智力方差进行最大残差化处理,生成基线和纵向CR指数。将学业和诊断结果与CR指数进行回归,并评估与大脑完整性的相互作用:基线CR预测基线数学计算能力(估计值=0.10,SE=0.02,p < .001),而CR的变化预测单词阅读能力的变化(估计值=0.08,SE=0.02,p < .001)。此外,当灰质体积趋于较低时,与较低的 CR 相比,较高的 CR 与较高的单词阅读得分(估计值 = -0.05,SE = 0.02,p = .019)和较低的多动症症状严重程度(估计值 = 0.04,SE = 0.02,p = .047)相关。同样,当白质低密度体积的纵向变化趋于更大时,较高的CR变化会带来更有利的单词阅读轨迹(估计值=0.03,SE=0.02,p=0.048):结论:与以往的方法相比,数据驱动的残差法对小儿CR的操作显示出更好的建构有效性,我们的指数显示出一种新的能力,可以缓和较低灰质对多动症结果的有害影响。这种方法可能有益于未来旨在研究CR早期发展的研究。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Neuropsychology
Neuropsychology 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
4.20%
发文量
132
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Neuropsychology publishes original, empirical research; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; and theoretical articles on the relation between brain and human cognitive, emotional, and behavioral function.
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