Molecular and serological diagnosis of the circulating Trypanosoma evansi in Egyptian livestock with risk factors assessment

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1016/j.micpath.2024.107073

Emad B. Ata , Tamer H. Abdel-Aziz , Hoda S.M. Abdel-Ghany , Bassma S.M. Elsawy , Hend H.A.M. Abdullah , Dina Abouelsoued , Heba M. Ashry , Mohamed R. Hassan , Rafaat M. Shapaan , Soad M. Nasr , Mona S. Mahmoud , Kadria N. Abdel Megeed , Sobhy Abdel-Shafy

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Abstract

This study aimed to characterize and determine the prevalence and the associated risk factors of trypanosomiasis in different Egyptian livestock from various governorates using molecular and serological techniques, adding to an assessment of some biochemical alterations in serum samples. A total 1019 blood samples were collected from nine governorates in the period from January 2020 to September 2021 from cattle (n = 752), buffaloes (n = 42), sheep (n = 65), goats (n = 60), donkeys (n = 54), and horses (n = 46). Molecular investigation followed by sequencing confirmed the presence of only Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) infection with a prevalence rate of 3.73 % (38/1019). Serologically, T. evansi was detected by indirect ELISA in 11 samples out of 519 negative PCR ones, with an overall prevalence 2.1 %. Furthermore, statistical difference was found between investigated governorates in both molecular and seroprevalence. Surprisingly, the risk of T. evansi infection was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in winter (9.83 %) than in autumn (1.4 %), while no infection was recorded in the spring and summer seasons. No significant difference regarding animal hosts, age, and sex as risk factors was recorded. Serum biochemical analysis showed a non-significant decrease of total proteins, albumin, A/G ratio, and HDL-cholesterol in cattle, equine, and goats with a non-significant increase in total globulins level. In sheep, a significant increase was determined in all tested parameters except a significant decrease in the level of albumin and A/G ratio. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first large-scale epidemiological study determining the endemicity of the neglected T. evansi infection in different animal species in multiple governorates of Egypt. It is recommended to use both molecular and serological techniques for efficient diagnosis of trypanosomiasis as a preliminary approach to control the disease.

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对埃及牲畜体内循环的埃文斯锥虫进行分子和血清学诊断，并评估风险因素。

本研究旨在利用分子和血清学技术确定埃及各省不同牲畜锥虫病的流行特征和相关风险因素，并对血清样本中的一些生化变化进行评估。2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 9 月期间，从九个省份共采集了 1019 份血样，分别来自牛（n = 752）、水牛（n = 42）、绵羊（n = 65）、山羊（n = 60）、驴（n = 54）和马（n = 46）。通过测序进行的分子调查证实，只有埃文西锥虫（T. evansi）感染，感染率为 3.73 %（38/1019）。从血清学角度来看，在 519 份 PCR 阴性样本中，有 11 份样本通过间接 ELISA 检测到了 T. evansi，总感染率为 2.1%。此外，在分子流行率和血清流行率方面，调查省份之间存在统计差异。令人惊讶的是，T. evansi 感染的风险显著（P.

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来源期刊

Microbial pathogenesis 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

2.60%

发文量

472

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Microbial Pathogenesis publishes original contributions and reviews about the molecular and cellular mechanisms of infectious diseases. It covers microbiology, host-pathogen interaction and immunology related to infectious agents, including bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa. It also accepts papers in the field of clinical microbiology, with the exception of case reports. Research Areas Include: -Pathogenesis -Virulence factors -Host susceptibility or resistance -Immune mechanisms -Identification, cloning and sequencing of relevant genes -Genetic studies -Viruses, prokaryotic organisms and protozoa -Microbiota -Systems biology related to infectious diseases -Targets for vaccine design (pre-clinical studies)