Chemical Cleaning Techniques for Fouled RO Membranes: Enhancing Fouling Removal and Assessing Microbial Composition.

IF 3.3 4区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Membranes Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.3390/membranes14100204

Mohammed A Al-Balushi, Htet Htet Kyaw, Myo Tay Zar Myint, Mohammed Al-Abri, Sergey Dobretsov

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Abstract

Membrane fouling, a major challenge in desalination, is addressed in this study by investigating three different chemical cleaning protocols (A, B, and C) targeting fouled reverse osmosis (RO) membranes and microbial community composition. Cleaning protocols A and B involve different chemical treatments selected based on preliminary tests and literature review, while protocol C follows the manufacturer's standard recommendation. Membrane morphology, foulant composition, and microbial community variability in fouled, virgin, and cleaned membranes are studied. Effective biofilm removal is observed across all protocols using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while spectroscopic techniques highlight interactions between foulants and membranes. Importantly, a critical gap in understanding how cleaning strategies influence microbial communities on membranes is addressed. Shifts in dominant bacterial phyla (Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria) after cleaning are identified through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Cleaning A showed the best results in reducing microbial counts and restoring composition similar to virgin membranes. Additionally, chemical treatment increased dominance of resistant genera such as Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Citrobacter, and Burkholderia. This study emphasizes the necessity for tailored fouling cleaning strategies for RO membranes, with Cleaning A is a promising solution, paving the way for enhanced water purification technologies.

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反渗透膜污垢的化学清洗技术：加强污垢去除和评估微生物组成。

膜堵塞是海水淡化中的一大难题，本研究针对堵塞的反渗透膜和微生物群落组成，研究了三种不同的化学清洗方案（A、B 和 C）。清洗方案 A 和 B 涉及根据初步测试和文献综述选择的不同化学处理方法，而方案 C 则遵循制造商的标准建议。研究了污损膜、原始膜和清洗膜的膜形态、污垢成分和微生物群落变异性。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察到所有方案都能有效去除生物膜，而光谱技术则突出了污垢和膜之间的相互作用。重要的是，在了解清洗策略如何影响膜上的微生物群落方面存在的一个关键缺口得到了解决。通过 16S rRNA 扩增子测序，确定了清洗后主要细菌门类（变形菌、真菌和放线菌）的变化。清洗 A 在减少微生物数量和恢复与原始膜相似的成分方面效果最好。此外，化学处理增加了耐药菌属的优势，如葡萄球菌、芽孢杆菌、柠檬杆菌和伯克霍尔德氏菌。这项研究强调了为反渗透膜量身定制污垢清洁策略的必要性，而清洁 A 是一种很有前景的解决方案，它为增强水净化技术铺平了道路。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Membranes Chemical Engineering-Filtration and Separation

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

16.70%

发文量

1071

审稿时长

11 weeks

期刊介绍： Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal of separation science and technology. It publishes reviews, research articles, communications and technical notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided.