Heterologous Versus Homologous COVID-19 Boosters: Immune Response Outcomes in Renal Transplant Recipients

IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY
Yesim Yildiz, Emre Yasar, Erensu Ozturk, Mine Sebnem Karakan, Ozant Helvaci, Hasan Selcuk Ozger, Z. Cemre Araz, Pinar Aysert Yildiz, Asiye Ugras Dikmen, Kayhan Caglar, Murat Dizbay, Ulver Derici, Galip Guz
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Abstract

We aimed to investigate the immune responses to homologous and heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccinations in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) and to identify factors affecting these responses. In this prospective multicenter observational study, we measured the antibody kinetics of 90 RTRs using the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay method. The mean age of participants was 45.2 ± 11.4 years, with 35.6% being female. On the 42nd day after the first vaccine dose, the median antibody level was 16.7 (IQR 2.5−249.5) AU/mL, and the seropositivity rate was 60% (n = 36). Mycophenolic acid (MFA) (OR: 0.087, 95% CI: 0.024−0.311) and ACE inhibitor use (OR: 0.203, 95% CI: 0.052−0.794) were identified as independent factors affecting seropositivity. Patients who received the Pfizer/BioNTech booster had significantly higher antibody levels compared to those who received the CoronaVac/Sinovac booster (p = 0.021). Additionally, a significantly higher rate of COVID-19 positivity was observed among patients who received the CoronaVac/Sinovac booster (p = 0.031). Heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccination is significantly more effective than homologous inactivated booster vaccination in enhancing immune responses and preventing new infections in RTRs. MFA and ACE inhibitor usage were independent factors affecting seropositivity. Additional COVID-19 vaccine doses are needed in this patient group.

Abstract Image

异源与同源 COVID-19 增强剂:肾移植受者的免疫反应结果。
我们旨在研究肾移植受者(RTR)对同源和异源 COVID-19 加强免疫的免疫反应,并找出影响这些反应的因素。在这项前瞻性多中心观察研究中,我们采用化学发光微粒子免疫测定法测定了 90 名肾移植受者的抗体动力学。参与者的平均年龄为 45.2 ± 11.4 岁,其中 35.6% 为女性。在接种第一剂疫苗后的第 42 天,抗体水平中位数为 16.7(IQR 2.5-249.5) AU/mL,血清阳性率为 60%(n = 36)。霉酚酸(MFA)(OR:0.087,95% CI:0.024-0.311)和使用 ACE 抑制剂(OR:0.203,95% CI:0.052-0.794)被认为是影响血清阳性率的独立因素。与接受 CoronaVac/Sinovac 强化治疗的患者相比,接受辉瑞/BioNTech 强化治疗的患者的抗体水平明显更高(p = 0.021)。此外,接受 CoronaVac/Sinovac 强化治疗的患者 COVID-19 阳性率明显更高(p = 0.031)。异源 COVID-19 加强免疫在增强 RTR 的免疫反应和预防新感染方面的效果明显优于同源灭活加强免疫。MFA和ACE抑制剂的使用是影响血清阳性率的独立因素。该患者群体需要接种更多剂量的 COVID-19 疫苗。
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来源期刊
Journal of Medical Virology
Journal of Medical Virology 医学-病毒学
CiteScore
23.20
自引率
2.40%
发文量
777
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Medical Virology focuses on publishing original scientific papers on both basic and applied research related to viruses that affect humans. The journal publishes reports covering a wide range of topics, including the characterization, diagnosis, epidemiology, immunology, and pathogenesis of human virus infections. It also includes studies on virus morphology, genetics, replication, and interactions with host cells. The intended readership of the journal includes virologists, microbiologists, immunologists, infectious disease specialists, diagnostic laboratory technologists, epidemiologists, hematologists, and cell biologists. The Journal of Medical Virology is indexed and abstracted in various databases, including Abstracts in Anthropology (Sage), CABI, AgBiotech News & Information, National Agricultural Library, Biological Abstracts, Embase, Global Health, Web of Science, Veterinary Bulletin, and others.
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