The Environmental Impact of a High-Altitude Medical Research Expedition.

IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 BIOPHYSICS
Kelsey E Joyce, Catherine A Campbell, Arthur R Bradwell, Samuel J E Lucas, Christopher T Lewis, Rebekah A I Lucas, Mark Edsell
{"title":"The Environmental Impact of a High-Altitude Medical Research Expedition.","authors":"Kelsey E Joyce, Catherine A Campbell, Arthur R Bradwell, Samuel J E Lucas, Christopher T Lewis, Rebekah A I Lucas, Mark Edsell","doi":"10.1089/ham.2024.0049","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Joyce, Kelsey E., Catherine A. Campbell, Arthur R. Bradwell, Samuel J.E. Lucas, Christopher T. Lewis, Rebekah A.I. Lucas, and Mark Edsell. The environmental impact of a high-altitude medical research expedition. <i>High Alt Med Biol.</i> 00:00-00, 2024. <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Scientists must begin examining the environmental cost(s) of their research. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a component of the environmental impact of a high-altitude medical research expedition by totaling the carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) emissions calculated from as many direct and indirect sources as possible. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Eighteen individuals flew from London to Bagdogra (via Delhi), and then drove onward to Lachung (via Gangtok) where they began their ascent on foot to 4,800 m (Kanchenjunga National Park, Sikkim). Several research experiments were conducted throughout the expedition, which required use of a laboratory centrifuge, solid CO<sub>2</sub> (specimen storage), rechargeable laptop computers and battery-powered oximeters. International Civil Aviation Organization calculators estimated aviation CO<sub>2</sub> production. Land emissions were calculated for <i>Mahindra</i> vehicles. Solid waste was weighed and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions estimated for its incineration. <b><i>Results</i>:</b> Total CO<sub>2</sub> emissions equated to ∼16.7 tonnes from the following sources: air and land transportation of expedition team (87.3%); sublimation and transportation of solid CO<sub>2</sub> (7.7%), waste incineration (0.58%), generator transportation and gasoline (12 l) combustion (0.48%), and battery transportation (3.3%). <b><i>Conclusions</i>:</b> Air travel contributed the most to the overall environmental cost of the research expedition. Further investigation is required to contextualize these findings in relation to lab-based alternative(s).</p>","PeriodicalId":12975,"journal":{"name":"High altitude medicine & biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"High altitude medicine & biology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1089/ham.2024.0049","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"BIOPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Joyce, Kelsey E., Catherine A. Campbell, Arthur R. Bradwell, Samuel J.E. Lucas, Christopher T. Lewis, Rebekah A.I. Lucas, and Mark Edsell. The environmental impact of a high-altitude medical research expedition. High Alt Med Biol. 00:00-00, 2024. Introduction: Scientists must begin examining the environmental cost(s) of their research. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a component of the environmental impact of a high-altitude medical research expedition by totaling the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions calculated from as many direct and indirect sources as possible. Methods: Eighteen individuals flew from London to Bagdogra (via Delhi), and then drove onward to Lachung (via Gangtok) where they began their ascent on foot to 4,800 m (Kanchenjunga National Park, Sikkim). Several research experiments were conducted throughout the expedition, which required use of a laboratory centrifuge, solid CO2 (specimen storage), rechargeable laptop computers and battery-powered oximeters. International Civil Aviation Organization calculators estimated aviation CO2 production. Land emissions were calculated for Mahindra vehicles. Solid waste was weighed and CO2 emissions estimated for its incineration. Results: Total CO2 emissions equated to ∼16.7 tonnes from the following sources: air and land transportation of expedition team (87.3%); sublimation and transportation of solid CO2 (7.7%), waste incineration (0.58%), generator transportation and gasoline (12 l) combustion (0.48%), and battery transportation (3.3%). Conclusions: Air travel contributed the most to the overall environmental cost of the research expedition. Further investigation is required to contextualize these findings in relation to lab-based alternative(s).

高海拔医学研究考察对环境的影响。
Joyce, Kelsey E., Catherine A. Campbell, Arthur R. Bradwell, Samuel J.E. Lucas, Christopher T. Lewis, Rebekah A.I. Lucas, and Mark Edsell.高海拔医学研究考察对环境的影响。00:00-00, 2024.导言:科学家必须开始研究其研究的环境成本。本研究的目的是通过计算尽可能多的直接和间接来源的二氧化碳 (CO2) 排放总量,评估高海拔医学研究考察对环境影响的一部分。研究方法18 人从伦敦飞往巴格多格拉(途经德里),然后驱车前往拉琼(途经甘托克),在那里他们开始徒步攀登海拔 4,800 米的山峰(锡金坎城贡嘎山国家公园)。整个考察过程中进行了多项研究实验,需要使用实验室离心机、固体二氧化碳(标本储存)、可充电笔记本电脑和电池供电的血氧饱和度计。国际民用航空组织的计算器估算了航空二氧化碳排放量。计算了 Mahindra 车辆的陆地排放量。对固体废物进行了称重,并估算了焚烧后的二氧化碳排放量。结果:二氧化碳总排放量相当于 16.7 吨,来源如下:探险队的空中和陆地运输(87.3%);固体二氧化碳的升华和运输(7.7%);垃圾焚烧(0.58%);发电机运输和汽油(12 升)燃烧(0.48%);电池运输(3.3%)。结论航空旅行对研究考察的总体环境成本影响最大。还需要进一步调查,以便将这些发现与实验室替代品联系起来。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
High altitude medicine & biology
High altitude medicine & biology 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
9.50%
发文量
44
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: High Altitude Medicine & Biology is the only peer-reviewed journal covering the medical and biological issues that impact human life at high altitudes. The Journal delivers critical findings on the impact of high altitude on lung and heart disease, appetite and weight loss, pulmonary and cerebral edema, hypertension, dehydration, infertility, and other diseases. It covers the full spectrum of high altitude life sciences from pathology to human and animal ecology.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信