Nanodiagnostics in global eradication of hepatitis C virus

IF 3.2 3区 医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY
Mohammad Darvishi , Reza Amiri , Emad Ghannad , Samir Mehrabkhani , Nassim Rastgar , Mahkameh Razaghi , Jaya Bansal , Mamata Chahar , Pranchal Rajput , Hossein Saffarfar , Payam Ali-Khiavi , Ahmad Mobed , Yalda Yazdani
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Abstract

Hepatitis C, caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), is a prevalent liver disease with severe outcomes, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Traditional diagnostic methods primarily detect antiviral antibodies (anti-HCV) or viral RNA, but these approaches have limitations. Anti-HCV antibodies may take 2–4 weeks to develop in acute cases and can be absent in some individuals, leading to undiagnosed early-stage infections. This poses significant challenges for public health, particularly in resource-limited settings where early detection is crucial. This article explores the development of biosensors engineered to directly detect HCV surface antigens, such as envelope proteins. These biosensors provide a promising solution for earlier and more accurate diagnosis by identifying viral components at the initial stages of infection. By focusing on direct detection of viral antigens, these innovations could enhance early diagnosis, facilitate timely intervention, and reduce virus transmission. We evaluate the advancements in biosensor technology over the past decade and their potential to improve HCV detection in clinical and field settings, ultimately supporting global efforts to eliminate HCV as a public health threat.

Abstract Image

纳米诊断技术在全球根除丙型肝炎病毒中的应用。
丙型肝炎是由丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)引起的一种流行性肝病,其严重后果包括肝硬化和肝细胞癌。传统诊断方法主要检测抗病毒抗体(抗-HCV)或病毒 RNA,但这些方法都有局限性。在急性病例中,抗-HCV 抗体可能需要 2-4 周才能产生,有些人可能没有抗-HCV 抗体,从而导致早期感染无法确诊。这给公共卫生带来了巨大挑战,尤其是在资源有限的环境中,早期检测至关重要。本文探讨了直接检测 HCV 表面抗原(如包膜蛋白)的生物传感器的开发。这些生物传感器通过在感染初期识别病毒成分,为更早更准确地诊断提供了一种可行的解决方案。通过重点关注病毒抗原的直接检测,这些创新技术可以加强早期诊断、促进及时干预并减少病毒传播。我们评估了生物传感器技术在过去十年中取得的进步及其在临床和现场环境中改善 HCV 检测的潜力,最终支持全球消除 HCV 这一公共卫生威胁的努力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Clinica Chimica Acta
Clinica Chimica Acta 医学-医学实验技术
CiteScore
10.10
自引率
2.00%
发文量
1268
审稿时长
23 days
期刊介绍: The Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) Clinica Chimica Acta is a high-quality journal which publishes original Research Communications in the field of clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine, defined as the diagnostic application of chemistry, biochemistry, immunochemistry, biochemical aspects of hematology, toxicology, and molecular biology to the study of human disease in body fluids and cells. The objective of the journal is to publish novel information leading to a better understanding of biological mechanisms of human diseases, their prevention, diagnosis, and patient management. Reports of an applied clinical character are also welcome. Papers concerned with normal metabolic processes or with constituents of normal cells or body fluids, such as reports of experimental or clinical studies in animals, are only considered when they are clearly and directly relevant to human disease. Evaluation of commercial products have a low priority for publication, unless they are novel or represent a technological breakthrough. Studies dealing with effects of drugs and natural products and studies dealing with the redox status in various diseases are not within the journal''s scope. Development and evaluation of novel analytical methodologies where applicable to diagnostic clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine, including point-of-care testing, and topics on laboratory management and informatics will also be considered. Studies focused on emerging diagnostic technologies and (big) data analysis procedures including digitalization, mobile Health, and artificial Intelligence applied to Laboratory Medicine are also of interest.
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