General unemployment and serious workplace injury rates: Workers compensation claims analysis from the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, 2007-2018.

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI:10.17269/s41997-024-00952-z

Samuel Kwaku Essien, Cindy Feng, Catherine Trask

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Abstract

Objectives: There is conflicting published evidence that unemployment impacts workplace safety. Some studies suggest that the workplace injury rate decreases during economic contractions, while others propose an increased rate of injuries during periods of economic contractions. This study investigated the association between unemployment rates and traumatic work-related non-fatal injury (WRNFI) in Saskatchewan, 2007-2018, in order to provide new insight into injury prevention.

Methods: Saskatchewan's retrospective linked workplace claims data from 2007 to 2018 were grouped by year, season, and worker characteristics (e.g., age and sex). Total employment, total labour force, and the number of unemployed workers from the Statistics Canada Labour Force Survey were grouped by year, season, sex, and age. These data were linked to the worker's compensation board injury claim data to determine the number of people at risk, serving as the denominator (offset term) for WRNFI rates, calculated as WRNFI cases per total employed workers. A negative binomial generalized additive model was used to examine the association between unemployment rates and WRNFI, adjusted for age, sex, industry types, and seasons.

Results: The WRNFI rate has declined since 2007. On average, workers aged 20-29 years had the highest WRNFI rate (541.6 ± 84.8/100,000). Men had 3.2 times higher WRNFI risk than women (RR = 3.2, 95% CI 3.12-3.22), with the highest WRNFI risk observed in the manufacturing (RR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.63-1.73) and construction (RR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.63-1.72) industries. WRNFI risk decreased non-linearly with an increasing unemployment rate, indicating a pro-cyclic pattern.

Conclusion: This analysis showed that WRNFI rates tracked unemployment rates. This suggests a need to increase prevention strategies and reduce disincentives for under-reporting during an economic downturn.

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总体失业率和严重工伤率：2007-2018 年加拿大萨斯喀彻温省的工伤索赔分析。

目的：关于失业对工作场所安全的影响，公开发表的证据相互矛盾。一些研究表明，在经济紧缩时期，工伤率会下降，而另一些研究则认为，在经济紧缩时期，工伤率会上升。本研究调查了 2007-2018 年萨斯喀彻温省失业率与创伤性工伤（WRNFI）之间的关联，以便为工伤预防提供新的见解：萨斯喀彻温省 2007 年至 2018 年的回顾性关联工伤索赔数据按年份、季节和工人特征（如年龄和性别）进行了分组。来自加拿大统计局劳动力调查的总就业人数、总劳动力人数和失业人数按年份、季节、性别和年龄分组。这些数据与工伤赔偿委员会的工伤索赔数据相连接，以确定面临风险的人数，作为 WRNFI 比率的分母（抵消项），计算方法是每名就业工人的 WRNFI 病例数。在对年龄、性别、行业类型和季节进行调整后，采用负二项广义相加模型来研究失业率与 WRNFI 之间的关系：自 2007 年以来，WRNFI 率有所下降。平均而言，20-29 岁工人的 WRNFI 率最高（541.6 ± 84.8/100,000）。男性的 WRNFI 风险是女性的 3.2 倍（RR = 3.2，95% CI 3.12-3.22），制造业（RR = 1.68，95% CI 1.63-1.73）和建筑业（RR = 1.67，95% CI 1.63-1.72）的 WRNFI 风险最高。WRNFI 风险随着失业率的增加而非线性下降，表明存在顺周期模式：这项分析表明，WRNFI 的发生率与失业率密切相关。这表明有必要加强预防策略，减少经济衰退期间漏报的抑制因素。

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来源期刊

Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

4.70%

发文量

128

期刊介绍： The Canadian Journal of Public Health is dedicated to fostering excellence in public health research, scholarship, policy and practice. The aim of the Journal is to advance public health research and practice in Canada and around the world, thus contributing to the improvement of the health of populations and the reduction of health inequalities. CJPH publishes original research and scholarly articles submitted in either English or French that are relevant to population and public health. CJPH is an independent, peer-reviewed journal owned by the Canadian Public Health Association and published by Springer. Énoncé de mission La Revue canadienne de santé publique se consacre à promouvoir l’excellence dans la recherche, les travaux d’érudition, les politiques et les pratiques de santé publique. Son but est de faire progresser la recherche et les pratiques de santé publique au Canada et dans le monde, contribuant ainsi à l’amélioration de la santé des populations et à la réduction des inégalités de santé. La RCSP publie des articles savants et des travaux inédits, soumis en anglais ou en français, qui sont d’intérêt pour la santé publique et des populations. La RCSP est une revue indépendante avec comité de lecture, propriété de l’Association canadienne de santé publique et publiée par Springer.