Humoral and cellular immune response to AZD1222 /Covishield and BV152/Covaxin COVID-19 vaccines among adults in India.

IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Pub Date : 2024-12-31 Epub Date: 2024-10-21 DOI:10.1080/21645515.2024.2410579
Anuradha S Tripathy, Dharmendra Singh, Diptee Trimbake, Sukeshani Salwe, Srikanth Tripathy, Arjun Kakrani, Priyanka Jali, Hanmant Chavan, Pragya Yadav, Rima Sahay, Prakash Sarje, Prasad Babar, Anita Shete, Ashok Nandapurkar, Milind Kulkarni
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Several COVID-19 vaccines were developed using different approaches to prevent both symptomatic COVID-19 cases and fatalities. The adults were vaccinated with two doses of AZD1222/Covishield (n = 77) [manufactured by Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd] vaccine and BV152/Covaxin (n = 99) [manufactured by Bharat Biotech] vaccine. They were assessed for immune response at pre-vaccination, 1 month post first and 6 months post second dose for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody, surrogate neutralizing antibody (NAbs), immune phenotypes, antigen specific NK, B and T cell response, their effector functionality by ELISPOT and plasma cytokine profile. Both vaccines elicited enhanced IgG antibody and Nab levels compared to the baseline. BV152/Covaxin, the whole virus inactivated vaccine exhibited higher IgG (70% vs 100%), Nab (90% vs 100%), and robust T cell (31% vs 96%) responses at 6 months post second dose compared to 1 month post first dose justifying the utility of the second dose. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 WV and S1 specific CD4+ central T cell memory response in AZD1222/Covishield vaccinee at 6 months post second dose and higher CD4+ and CD8+ naïve and central memory T cell response in BV152/Covaxin vaccinee at 1 month post first dose indicated the involvement of memory T cells. Persistent IgG and NAb responses along with IgG+B and IgG+memory B cells in AZD1222/Covishield recipients at 6 months post second dose indicated sustained immune memory response. Continued heightened IFN-γ secreting T cell response (ELISPOT) displayed by both the vaccine platforms could serve as a co correlate of protection, further to evaluation in follow up studies. Overall, our data suggest that coordinated functions of humoral and cellular branches of adaptive immunity may pave ways toward protective immunity against COVID-19.

印度成年人对 AZD1222 /Covishield 和 BV152/Covaxin COVID-19 疫苗的体液和细胞免疫反应。
为了预防有症状的 COVID-19 病例和死亡病例,我们采用不同的方法开发了几种 COVID-19 疫苗。成人接种了两剂 AZD1222/Covishield(n = 77)[由 Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd 生产] 疫苗和 BV152/Covaxin(n = 99)[由 Bharat Biotech 生产] 疫苗。他们在接种前、第一剂后 1 个月和第二剂后 6 个月分别接受了抗 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 抗体、代用中和抗体 (NAbs)、免疫表型、抗原特异性 NK、B 和 T 细胞反应、ELISPOT 检测其效应功能和血浆细胞因子谱的免疫反应评估。与基线相比,两种疫苗都能提高 IgG 抗体和 Nab 水平。BV152/Covaxin 全病毒灭活疫苗在第二次接种后 6 个月与第一次接种后 1 个月相比,IgG(70% 对 100%)、Nab(90% 对 100%)和强大的 T 细胞(31% 对 96%)应答水平更高,这证明了第二次接种的效用。在接种第二剂后 6 个月的 AZD1222/Covishield 疫苗接种者中检测到了 SARS-CoV-2 WV 和 S1 特异性 CD4+ 中心记忆 T 细胞反应,在接种第一剂后 1 个月的 BV152/Covaxin 疫苗接种者中检测到了更高的 CD4+ 和 CD8+ 幼稚和中心记忆 T 细胞反应,这表明记忆 T 细胞的参与。第二次接种后 6 个月,AZD1222/科维善受试者体内出现持续的 IgG 和 NAb 反应以及 IgG+B 和 IgG+ 记忆 B 细胞,这表明免疫记忆反应持续存在。两种疫苗平台持续增强的 IFN-γ 分泌 T 细胞反应(ELISPOT)可作为保护作用的共同相关因素,有待后续研究进一步评估。总之,我们的数据表明,适应性免疫的体液和细胞分支的协调功能可能会为针对 COVID-19 的保护性免疫铺平道路。
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来源期刊
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
489
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: (formerly Human Vaccines; issn 1554-8619) Vaccine research and development is extending its reach beyond the prevention of bacterial or viral diseases. There are experimental vaccines for immunotherapeutic purposes and for applications outside of infectious diseases, in diverse fields such as cancer, autoimmunity, allergy, Alzheimer’s and addiction. Many of these vaccines and immunotherapeutics should become available in the next two decades, with consequent benefit for human health. Continued advancement in this field will benefit from a forum that can (A) help to promote interest by keeping investigators updated, and (B) enable an exchange of ideas regarding the latest progress in the many topics pertaining to vaccines and immunotherapeutics. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics provides such a forum. It is published monthly in a format that is accessible to a wide international audience in the academic, industrial and public sectors.
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