Update on Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Outbreaks - Worldwide, January 2023-June 2024.

IF 25.4 1区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI:10.15585/mmwr.mm7341a1

Apophia Namageyo-Funa, Sharon A Greene, Elizabeth Henderson, Mohamed A Traoré, Shahzad Shaukat, John Paul Bigouette, Jaume Jorba, Eric Wiesen, Omotayo Bolu, Ousmane M Diop, Cara C Burns, Steven G F Wassilak

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) can emerge and lead to outbreaks of paralytic polio as well as asymptomatic transmission in communities with a high percentage of undervaccinated children. Using data from the World Health Organization Polio Information System and Global Polio Laboratory Network, this report describes global polio outbreaks due to cVDPVs during January 2023-June 2024 and updates previous reports. During the reporting period, 74 cVDPV outbreaks were detected in 39 countries or areas (countries), predominantly in Africa. Among these 74 cVDPV outbreaks, 47 (64%) were new outbreaks, detected in 30 (77%) of the 39 countries. Three countries reported cVDPV type 1 (cVDPV1) outbreaks and 38 countries reported cVDPV type 2 (cVDPV2) outbreaks; two of these countries reported cocirculating cVDPV1 and cVDPV2. In the 38 countries with cVDPV2 transmission, 70 distinct outbreaks were reported. In 15 countries, cVDPV transmission has lasted >1 year into 2024. In Nigeria and Somalia, both countries with security-compromised areas, persistent cVDPV2 transmission has spread to neighboring countries. Delayed implementation of outbreak response campaigns and low-quality campaigns have resulted in further international spread. Countries can control cVDPV outbreaks with timely allocation of resources to implement prompt, high-quality responses after outbreak confirmation. Stopping all cVDPV transmission requires effectively increasing population immunity by overcoming barriers to reaching children.

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2023 年 1 月至 2024 年 6 月全球疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒爆发的最新情况。

疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒（cVDPVs）可在疫苗接种不足儿童比例较高的社区出现并导致麻痹性脊髓灰质炎暴发以及无症状传播。本报告利用世界卫生组织脊髓灰质炎信息系统（WHO Polio Information System）和全球脊髓灰质炎实验室网络（Global Polio Laboratory Network）提供的数据，介绍了 2023 年 1 月至 2024 年 6 月期间因 cVDPV 导致的全球脊髓灰质炎疫情，并对之前的报告进行了更新。在本报告所述期间，39 个国家或地区（国家）发现了 74 起 cVDPV 疫情，主要集中在非洲。在这74起cVDPV疫情中，有47起（64%）是新疫情，在39个国家中的30个国家（77%）发现。3 个国家报告了 cVDPV 1 型（cVDPV1）疫情，38 个国家报告了 cVDPV 2 型（cVDPV2）疫情；其中 2 个国家报告了 cVDPV1 和 cVDPV2 的混合感染。在有 cVDPV2 传播的 38 个国家中，共报告了 70 起不同的疫情。在 15 个国家中，cVDPV 传播已持续 1 年以上，直至 2024 年。在尼日利亚和索马里（这两个国家都有安全受到威胁的地区），持续的 cVDPV2 传播已蔓延到邻国。疫情应对活动的延迟实施和低质量的活动导致了进一步的国际传播。各国可在疫情确认后及时分配资源，实施迅速、高质量的应对措施，从而控制 cVDPV 疫情。要阻止所有 cVDPV 传播，就必须克服阻碍儿童接种的障碍，从而有效提高人群免疫力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -

CiteScore

65.40

自引率

0.90%

发文量

309

期刊介绍： The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR ) series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Often called “the voice of CDC,” the MMWR series is the agency’s primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. MMWR readership predominantly consists of physicians, nurses, public health practitioners, epidemiologists and other scientists, researchers, educators, and laboratorians.