[Social factors and entry to the waiting list for kidney transplantation].

Abstract

Introduction: Kidney transplant continues to be the best treatment option for patients with end-stage chronic renal failure. The shortage of organs and long waiting times mean that many patients arrive at the transplant with a significant level of deterioration. The objective was to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic variables and knowledge about pre-emptive kidney transplant in the pre-transplant consultation.

Methods: Cross-sectional study. A group of patients over 18 years' old who began pre-transplant evaluation was analyzed. Socioeconomic variables were evaluated and a brief survey on nephrological follow-up and information on kidney transplant prior to dialysis (preemptive) was carried out.

Results: A total of 164 patients with (mean ± SD) 57 ± 14 years were evaluated. A 56% (n = 92) had a predialysis nephrological follow-up of 33 ± 66 months, with 41% (n = 68) of more than one year. The time on dialysis before the pre-transplant consultation averaged 20 ± 23 months. Seventy-two % (n = 118) did not have information on pre-emptive kidney transplantation. Patients with predialysis nephrological follow-up were more likely to have information about pre-emptive kidney transplantation (OR 2.94; IC 1.30-6.63; p 0.009).

Discussion: Referral to the transplant center is postponed by increasing the time on dialysis. Most patients are not aware of pre-emptive kidney transplantation. These findings point out the need to implement policies to improve patient education, access to information, and timely referral to transplant centers.