Assessing Unmet Social and Medical Needs among Latinx in Arizona throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic: Time-Varying Patterns by Social Determinants of Health.

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.1007/s40615-024-02214-7

Stephanie L Ayers, Shiyou Wu, Flavio F Marsiglia

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Abstract

The pandemic exacerbated unmet social and medical needs, disproportionately impacting Latinx communities. This article examines how unmet needs varied from February 2021 to April 2023 among 428 Latinx individuals. Multiple-to-multiple path analysis models of cross-sectional surveys showed significant increases in unmet social (β = 0.17, p = .001) and medical (β = 0.12, p = .001) needs over time, with variations by age, language, and health insurance. Initially, older adults reported more unmet medical needs, but later, younger adults reported higher needs (β=-0.16, p = .001). Among Spanish speakers, both social (β = 0.24, p = .001) and medical (β = 0.20, p = .003) needs increased significantly. Uninsured individuals had significant increases in unmet social (β = 0.20, p = .001) and medical (β = 0.16, p = .013) needs, while those with public insurance experienced decreased social needs (β=-0.12, p = .017) compared to privately insured. These findings highlight growing disparities within the Latinx community, underscoring the need to prioritize vulnerable populations in public health responses and monitor program impacts for equitable access to essential services.

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评估 COVID-19 大流行期间亚利桑那州拉丁裔未满足的社会和医疗需求：按健康的社会决定因素划分的时变模式。

大流行加剧了未得到满足的社会和医疗需求，对拉丁裔社区造成了极大的影响。本文研究了从 2021 年 2 月到 2023 年 4 月期间，428 名拉美裔个人未满足的需求是如何变化的。横截面调查的多对多路径分析模型显示，随着时间的推移，未满足的社会需求（β = 0.17，p = .001）和医疗需求（β = 0.12，p = .001）显著增加，并因年龄、语言和医疗保险而异。最初，老年人报告了更多未得到满足的医疗需求，但后来，年轻人报告了更高的需求（β=-0.16，p = .001）。在讲西班牙语的人中，社交需求（β=0.24，p=0.001）和医疗需求（β=0.20，p=0.003）都显著增加。未参保者未满足的社会需求（β = 0.20，p = .001）和医疗需求（β = 0.16，p = .013）明显增加，而与私人参保者相比，公共保险参保者的社会需求有所减少（β=-0.12，p = .017）。这些发现凸显了拉美裔社区内日益扩大的差异，强调了在公共卫生应对措施中优先考虑弱势人群的必要性，以及监测项目影响以实现公平获得基本服务的必要性。

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来源期刊

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.10%

发文量

263

期刊介绍： Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities reports on the scholarly progress of work to understand, address, and ultimately eliminate health disparities based on race and ethnicity. Efforts to explore underlying causes of health disparities and to describe interventions that have been undertaken to address racial and ethnic health disparities are featured. Promising studies that are ongoing or studies that have longer term data are welcome, as are studies that serve as lessons for best practices in eliminating health disparities. Original research, systematic reviews, and commentaries presenting the state-of-the-art thinking on problems centered on health disparities will be considered for publication. We particularly encourage review articles that generate innovative and testable ideas, and constructive discussions and/or critiques of health disparities.Because the Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities receives a large number of submissions, about 30% of submissions to the Journal are sent out for full peer review.