Radio-sulphur as groundwater residence time tracer – Adapting the 35S extraction approach for water samples rich in sulphate

IF 1.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of environmental radioactivity Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107553

Michael Schubert , Juergen Kopitz , Sabine Taeglich , Christian Lucks , Kay Knoeller

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cosmogenic radio-sulphur (³⁵S) is applicable as aqueous environmental tracer for investigating sub-yearly groundwater residence times. For the purpose ³⁵SO₄ has to be extracted from large-volume water samples (ca. 20 l) and measured by liquid scintillation counting (LSC). Publications that discuss sample preparation approaches focus on waters with low or moderate sulphate concentrations based on sulphate extraction using an ion-exchange resin. However, sulphate extraction by ion-exchange is not feasible for water samples that contain total sulphate loads of over about 1500 mg. Our paper presents an approach for the preparation of water samples with sulphate loads of up to 6000 mg based on BaSO₄ precipitation directly from the sample. The key challenge of this approach is the co-precipitation of interfering natural radionuclides (²²⁶Ra, short-lived progeny of ²²²Rn, ²¹⁰Pb + progeny, ^32/33P), which complicates LSC measurement of ³⁵S. Two options are discussed to allow either pre-precipitating the unwanted radionuclides before, or keeping them in solution during Ba³⁵SO₄ precipitation.

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作为地下水停留时间示踪剂的放射性硫--针对富含硫酸盐的水样调整 35S 提取方法。

宇宙放射性硫（35S）可作为水环境示踪剂，用于调查地下水的年以下停留时间。为此，必须从大容量水样（约 20 升）中提取 35SO4 并通过液体闪烁计数法（LSC）进行测量。讨论样品制备方法的出版物主要针对硫酸盐浓度较低或中等的水体，其方法是使用离子交换树脂进行硫酸盐萃取。然而，对于总硫酸盐负荷超过约 1500 毫克的水样来说，离子交换法提取硫酸盐是不可行的。我们的论文介绍了一种基于直接从水样中沉淀 BaSO4 来制备硫酸盐含量高达 6000 毫克的水样的方法。这种方法面临的主要挑战是干扰天然放射性核素（226Ra、222Rn 的短寿命后代、210Pb + 后代、32/33P）的共沉淀，这使得 35S 的 LSC 测量复杂化。本文讨论了两种方案，一种是在 Ba35SO4 沉淀之前预先沉淀不需要的放射性核素，另一种是在 Ba35SO4 沉淀过程中将其保留在溶液中。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of environmental radioactivity 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

13.00%

发文量

209

审稿时长

73 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Environmental Radioactivity provides a coherent international forum for publication of original research or review papers on any aspect of the occurrence of radioactivity in natural systems. Relevant subject areas range from applications of environmental radionuclides as mechanistic or timescale tracers of natural processes to assessments of the radioecological or radiological effects of ambient radioactivity. Papers deal with naturally occurring nuclides or with those created and released by man through nuclear weapons manufacture and testing, energy production, fuel-cycle technology, etc. Reports on radioactivity in the oceans, sediments, rivers, lakes, groundwaters, soils, atmosphere and all divisions of the biosphere are welcomed, but these should not simply be of a monitoring nature unless the data are particularly innovative.