Are people with HIV at advanced disease stages being left behind? A global survey.

Abstract

Introduction: A substantial percentage of people with HIV are still admitted for care at advanced disease stages. Here, we investigate the availability of the supplies and infrastructure required to provide care for this population in healthcare facilities and explore correlations with local demand.

Methods: AIDS Healthcare Foundation's partner facilities were invited to respond to a survey addressing the availability of services to support clients with advanced HIV. We present results per continent and according to gross national income per capita using frequencies and percentages. We generated country-level scores taking the average percentage of facilities with available resources on 10 key items and used Spearman's correlation to investigate relationships between country scores and local demand, depicted by the percentages of people with HIV newly enrolled in care with a CD4 T-cell count <200/mm³ in 2022.

Results: A total of 643 facilities from 37 countries responded to the survey between September and December 2021. Overall, services requiring more costly equipment and/or supplies were less frequently available. Facilities in Africa, Asia, and Latin America/Caribbean and those with lower gross national income had a somewhat lower availability of diagnostic and therapeutic resources. Availability of services was not correlated with local demand: 14 countries (42%) had scores below the 50% percentile despite having >20% of newly enrolled people with HIV with a CD4 T-cell count <200/mm³.

Conclusion: Appropriate care can mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with advanced HIV. We found that the healthcare services recommended by the World Health Organization as essential to support clients with advanced HIV are often unavailable in facilities providing HIV care, despite high local demand.