Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Entamoeba and Cryptosporidium in Pigs and Wild Boars in Central and Southern Vietnam: Implications for Zoonotic Risks and Surveillance.
Le Chi Cao, Devika Muraleedharan, Tran Thi Giang, Vo Minh Tiep, Ngo Thi Minh Chau, Ton Nu Phuong Anh, Le Nguyen Nhat Ha, Nguyen Thi Thu Hoai, Truong Nhat My, Awatef El Moussi, Nourhane Hafza, Le Huu Song, Thirumalaisamy P Velavan
{"title":"Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of <i>Entamoeba</i> and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> in Pigs and Wild Boars in Central and Southern Vietnam: Implications for Zoonotic Risks and Surveillance.","authors":"Le Chi Cao, Devika Muraleedharan, Tran Thi Giang, Vo Minh Tiep, Ngo Thi Minh Chau, Ton Nu Phuong Anh, Le Nguyen Nhat Ha, Nguyen Thi Thu Hoai, Truong Nhat My, Awatef El Moussi, Nourhane Hafza, Le Huu Song, Thirumalaisamy P Velavan","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0095","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Parasites of <i>Entamoeba</i> and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> genera, prevalent among various vertebrates such as humans and pigs, pose a zoonotic threat as common protozoan pathogens. This study investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of <i>Entamoeba</i> and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species in pigs and wild boars across central and southern Vietnam, to ascertain parasite transmission dynamics. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 113 independent stool samples from 77 pigs and 36 wild boars were analyzed using PCR-based molecular methodologies to detect the presence of <i>Entamoeba</i> spp. and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. The identified species were further characterized through Sanger sequencing, and phylogenetic relationships were analyzed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The study revealed a high prevalence of <i>Entamoeba</i> spp. (62%, <i>n</i> = 70/113) and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. (31%, <i>n</i> = 35/113). <i>Entamoeba suis</i> (57%, <i>n</i> = 40) was predominant, followed by <i>Entamoeba polecki</i> (40%, <i>n</i> = 40) and <i>Entamoeba hartmanni</i> (3%, <i>n</i> = 2). Among <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species, <i>Cryptosporidium scrofarum</i> (89%, <i>n</i> = 31) was the most common, followed by <i>Cryptosporidium suis</i> (11%, <i>n</i> = 4). Wild boars exhibited a higher prevalence of <i>Entamoeba</i> infection compared with domestic pigs (<i>p</i> = 0.019). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The study highlights a high prevalence of <i>Entamoeba</i> and <i>Cryptosporidium,</i> suggesting a potential for zoonotic transmission in Vietnam. Further investigations are necessary to determine the extent to which these parasites in pigs and wild boars contribute to the burden in the human population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0095","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Parasites of Entamoeba and Cryptosporidium genera, prevalent among various vertebrates such as humans and pigs, pose a zoonotic threat as common protozoan pathogens. This study investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of Entamoeba and Cryptosporidium species in pigs and wild boars across central and southern Vietnam, to ascertain parasite transmission dynamics. Methods: A total of 113 independent stool samples from 77 pigs and 36 wild boars were analyzed using PCR-based molecular methodologies to detect the presence of Entamoeba spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. The identified species were further characterized through Sanger sequencing, and phylogenetic relationships were analyzed. Results: The study revealed a high prevalence of Entamoeba spp. (62%, n = 70/113) and Cryptosporidium spp. (31%, n = 35/113). Entamoeba suis (57%, n = 40) was predominant, followed by Entamoeba polecki (40%, n = 40) and Entamoeba hartmanni (3%, n = 2). Among Cryptosporidium species, Cryptosporidium scrofarum (89%, n = 31) was the most common, followed by Cryptosporidium suis (11%, n = 4). Wild boars exhibited a higher prevalence of Entamoeba infection compared with domestic pigs (p = 0.019). Conclusions: The study highlights a high prevalence of Entamoeba and Cryptosporidium, suggesting a potential for zoonotic transmission in Vietnam. Further investigations are necessary to determine the extent to which these parasites in pigs and wild boars contribute to the burden in the human population.
期刊介绍:
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease is one of the most inclusive scientific publications on the many disciplines that contribute to food safety. Spanning an array of issues from "farm-to-fork," the Journal bridges the gap between science and policy to reduce the burden of foodborne illness worldwide.
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease coverage includes:
Agroterrorism
Safety of organically grown and genetically modified foods
Emerging pathogens
Emergence of drug resistance
Methods and technology for rapid and accurate detection
Strategies to destroy or control foodborne pathogens
Novel strategies for the prevention and control of plant and animal diseases that impact food safety
Biosecurity issues and the implications of new regulatory guidelines
Impact of changing lifestyles and consumer demands on food safety.