Compacted hair in broken teeth reveals dietary prey of historic lions.

IF 8.1 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Current Biology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-10-11 DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.029
Alida de Flamingh, Thomas P Gnoske, Julian C Kerbis Peterhans, Velizar A Simeonovski, Nduhiu Gitahi, Ogeto Mwebi, Bernard R Agwanda, Julian M Catchen, Alfred L Roca, Ripan S Malhi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

With recent advances, nuclear genome data for phylogenomic analyses can now be sequenced from minuscule quantities of DNA1 and from specimens that are more than a million years old.2 DNA analysis from hair is a well-established approach3 widely used in forensic science4 and wildlife conservation.5 Hair samples can be effectively decontaminated6 and can be used to identify the mammalian species from which the hair was shed.7,8 We aimed to use advances optimized for degraded DNA to systematically identify dietary prey species from hair compacted in the teeth of two Tsavo lions that lived during the 1890s in Kenya (see description of samples in the STAR Methods and Patterson9 and Kerbis Peterhans and Gnoske10 for background on the Tsavo "man-eaters"). Analysis of hair DNA identified giraffe, human, oryx, waterbuck, wildebeest, and zebra as prey and also identified hair that originated from lion. DNA preservation allowed for analyses of complete mitogenome profiles of zebra, giraffe, and lion. Giraffe mitogenomes are phylogeographically partitioned, and we found that the lions ate at least two individuals that belong to a subspecies of Masai giraffe (Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi) typically found in southeast Kenya. The lion mitogenome from a hair sample was identical to the Tsavo lion endogenous mitogenome and most closely matched other East African lions from Kenya and Tanzania. Our approach enables a better understanding of the hunting behaviors, diets, and ecology of historical individuals, populations, and species and holds promise for extinct populations and species.

断裂牙齿中的压缩毛发揭示了历史上狮子的饮食猎物。
2 从毛发中进行 DNA 分析是一种成熟的方法3 ,广泛应用于法医学4 和野生动物保护5 。毛发样本可以有效去污6 ,并可用于识别毛发脱落的哺乳动物物种7,8。我们的目标是利用对降解 DNA 进行优化的先进技术,从 1890 年代生活在肯尼亚的两只沙窝狮牙齿中压实的毛发中系统地鉴定食物中的猎物物种(参见 STAR 方法中的样本描述以及 Patterson9 和 Kerbis Peterhans 和 Gnoske10 中有关沙窝 "食人狮 "的背景资料)。通过对毛发 DNA 的分析,确定长颈鹿、人类、大羚羊、水鹿、角马和斑马为猎物,同时也确定了狮子的毛发。通过保存 DNA,可以分析斑马、长颈鹿和狮子的完整有丝分裂基因组图谱。长颈鹿有丝分裂基因组在系统地理学上是分区的,我们发现狮子至少吃了两个属于马赛长颈鹿亚种(Giraffa tippelskirchi tippelskirchi)的个体,这些亚种通常分布在肯尼亚东南部。毛发样本中的狮子有丝分裂基因组与沙窝狮子的内源性有丝分裂基因组相同,并且与肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的其他东非狮子最为匹配。我们的方法有助于更好地了解历史上的个体、种群和物种的狩猎行为、饮食和生态,并为灭绝的种群和物种带来希望。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Current Biology
Current Biology 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
11.80
自引率
2.20%
发文量
869
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Current Biology is a comprehensive journal that showcases original research in various disciplines of biology. It provides a platform for scientists to disseminate their groundbreaking findings and promotes interdisciplinary communication. The journal publishes articles of general interest, encompassing diverse fields of biology. Moreover, it offers accessible editorial pieces that are specifically designed to enlighten non-specialist readers.
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