Spatiotemporal characteristics of eustachian tube development in C57BL/6 mice: Correlation between morphological and functional maturation.

IF 2 3区生物学 Q2 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Developmental Dynamics Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1002/dvdy.753

Xuan Yu, Huimin Zhang, Hejie Li, Xingqian Shen, Wenting Yu, Ting Li, Xiaoye Chen, Shimin Zong, Hongjun Xiao

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Abstract

Background: The eustachian tube (ET), a critical conduit connecting the middle ear and nasopharynx, is essential for normal middle ear function. However, it remains one of the least understood anatomical structures due to its complexity and the challenges of in vitro manipulation. Historically, these challenges have hindered research into the morphology and function development of the ET. This study elucidates the spatiotemporal relationship of ET morpho-functional maturation in mice, identifying key periods and factors that lay the theoretical foundation for exploring the molecular mechanisms of ET-related diseases.

Results: We comprehensively characterized the ET development in C57BL/6 mice from embryonic day (E) 12.5 to postnatal day (P) 30, focusing on the development of cilia, secretory cells, surrounding glands, and macrophages. Immunostaining identified the localization and secretion patterns of the mucins Muc5b and Muc5ac within the ET. Additionally, using improved ET function assessment tools, we evaluated the developmental features of ET mucociliary clearance and ventilation functions.

Conclusions: In C57BL/6 mice, E16.5 marks a critical period for middle ear cavity and ET formation. Muc5b plays a foundational role during early stages, while Muc5ac enhances function in later stages. During P7-11, despite morphological maturity, ET function remains underdeveloped but continues to improve with growth.

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C57BL/6 小鼠咽鼓管发育的时空特征：形态和功能成熟之间的相关性

背景：咽鼓管（ET）是连接中耳和鼻咽部的重要通道，对中耳的正常功能至关重要。然而，由于其复杂性和体外操作的挑战性，咽鼓管仍然是人们了解最少的解剖结构之一。一直以来，这些挑战阻碍了对中耳形态和功能发展的研究。本研究阐明了小鼠ET形态和功能成熟的时空关系，确定了关键时期和因素，为探索ET相关疾病的分子机制奠定了理论基础：我们全面描述了C57BL/6小鼠从胚胎12.5天到出生后30天的ET发育过程，重点研究了纤毛、分泌细胞、周围腺体和巨噬细胞的发育。免疫染色确定了粘蛋白 Muc5b 和 Muc5ac 在 ET 中的定位和分泌模式。此外，我们还利用改进的ET功能评估工具，评估了ET粘液纤毛清除和通气功能的发育特征：结论：在 C57BL/6 小鼠中，E16.5 标志着中耳腔和 ET 形成的关键时期。Muc5b在早期阶段发挥基础作用，而Muc5ac则在后期阶段增强功能。在P7-11期间，尽管形态上已经成熟，但ET功能仍未发育完全，但会随着生长而继续改善。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Developmental Dynamics 生物-发育生物学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

8.00%

发文量

116

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Developmental Dynamics, is an official publication of the American Association for Anatomy. This peer reviewed journal provides an international forum for publishing novel discoveries, using any model system, that advances our understanding of development, morphology, form and function, evolution, disease, stem cells, repair and regeneration.