Luisa Bertin, Martina Crepaldi, Miriana Zanconato, Greta Lorenzon, Daria Maniero, Caterina De Barba, Erica Bonazzi, Sonia Facchin, Marco Scarpa, Cesare Ruffolo, Imerio Angriman, Andrea Buda, Fabiana Zingone, Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino, Brigida Barberio
{"title":"Refractory Crohn's Disease: Perspectives, Unmet Needs and Innovations.","authors":"Luisa Bertin, Martina Crepaldi, Miriana Zanconato, Greta Lorenzon, Daria Maniero, Caterina De Barba, Erica Bonazzi, Sonia Facchin, Marco Scarpa, Cesare Ruffolo, Imerio Angriman, Andrea Buda, Fabiana Zingone, Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino, Brigida Barberio","doi":"10.2147/CEG.S434014","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex, chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by unpredictable flare-ups and periods of remission. Despite advances in treatment, CD remains a significant health burden, leading to substantial direct healthcare costs and out-of-pocket expenses for patients, especially in the first-year post-diagnosis. The impact of CD on patients' quality of life is profound, with significant reductions in physical, emotional, and social well-being. Despite advancements in therapeutic options, including biologics, immunomodulators, and small molecules, many patients struggle to achieve or maintain remission, leading to a considerable therapeutic ceiling. This has led to an increased focus on novel and emerging treatments. This context underscores the importance of exploring advanced and innovative treatment options for managing refractory CD. By examining the latest approaches, including immunomodulators, combination therapies, stem cell therapies, and emerging treatments like fecal microbiota transplantation and dietary interventions, there is an opportunity to gain a comprehensive understanding of how best to address and manage refractory cases of CD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10208,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472755/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CEG.S434014","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex, chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by unpredictable flare-ups and periods of remission. Despite advances in treatment, CD remains a significant health burden, leading to substantial direct healthcare costs and out-of-pocket expenses for patients, especially in the first-year post-diagnosis. The impact of CD on patients' quality of life is profound, with significant reductions in physical, emotional, and social well-being. Despite advancements in therapeutic options, including biologics, immunomodulators, and small molecules, many patients struggle to achieve or maintain remission, leading to a considerable therapeutic ceiling. This has led to an increased focus on novel and emerging treatments. This context underscores the importance of exploring advanced and innovative treatment options for managing refractory CD. By examining the latest approaches, including immunomodulators, combination therapies, stem cell therapies, and emerging treatments like fecal microbiota transplantation and dietary interventions, there is an opportunity to gain a comprehensive understanding of how best to address and manage refractory cases of CD.
克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD)是一种复杂的慢性炎症性肠病,其特点是不可预测的发作期和缓解期。尽管在治疗方面取得了进展,但克罗恩病仍然是一种严重的健康负担,会导致大量的直接医疗费用和患者自付费用,尤其是在确诊后的第一年。CD 对患者的生活质量影响深远,患者的身体、情绪和社交能力都会显著下降。尽管生物制剂、免疫调节剂和小分子药物等治疗方案取得了进步,但许多患者仍难以达到或维持缓解,导致治疗效果相当有限。因此,人们越来越关注新型和新兴的治疗方法。在这种情况下,探索治疗难治性 CD 的先进和创新治疗方案就显得尤为重要。通过研究包括免疫调节剂、联合疗法、干细胞疗法以及粪便微生物群移植和饮食干预等新兴疗法在内的最新方法,我们有机会全面了解如何以最佳方式处理和管理难治性 CD 病例。