The effects of right temporoparietal junction stimulation on embodiment, presence, and performance in teleoperation.

IF 3.1 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES
AIMS Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-09-10 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3934/Neuroscience.2024022
Valentina Cesari, Graziella Orrù, Andrea Piarulli, Alessandra Vallefuoco, Franca Melfi, Angelo Gemignani, Danilo Menicucci
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Embodiment (the sensation that arises when the properties of an external instrument are processed as if they are the attributes of one's own biological body) and (tele)presence (the sensation of being fully engaged and immersed in a location other than the physical space occupied by one's body) sustain the perception of the physical self and potentially improve performance in teleoperations (a system that enables human intelligence to control robots and requires implementing an effective human-machine interface). Embodiment and presence may be interdependent and influenced by right temporo-parietal junction (rTPJ) activity. We investigated the interplay between embodiment, (tele)presence, and performance in teleoperation, focusing on the role of the rTPJ. Participants underwent a virtual reality task with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) twice, receiving either active or sham stimulation. Behavioral measures (driving inaccuracy, elapsed time in the lap, time spent in attentional lapses, short-term self-similarity, and long-term self-similarity), perceived workload (mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, own performance, effort, and frustration), embodiment's components (ownership, agency, tactile sensations, location, and external appearance), and presence's components (realism, possibility to act, quality of interface, possibility to examine, self-evaluation of performance, haptic, and sounds) were assessed. The results showed that rTPJ stimulation decreased perceived ownership but enhanced presence with changes in the complexity of visuomotor adjustments (long and short-term self-similarity indices). Structural equation modeling revealed that embodiment increased visuomotor inaccuracy (a composite variable of overall performance, including deviations from the optimal trajectory and the time taken to complete the task), presence reduced workload, and workload increased inaccuracy. These results suggested a dissociation between embodiment and presence, with embodiment hindering performance. Prioritizing virtual integration may lower human performance, while reduced workload from presence could aid engagement. These findings emphasize the intricate interplay between rTPJ, subjective experiences, and performance in teleoperation.

右侧颞顶交界处刺激对远程操作中的体现、临场感和表现的影响。
体现(当外部工具的属性被处理为自身生物体的属性时产生的感觉)和(远程)存在(全身心投入并沉浸在身体所占据的物理空间之外的某个位置的感觉)维持着对物理自我的感知,并有可能提高远程操作(一种使人类智能控制机器人的系统,需要实施有效的人机界面)的性能。体现和存在可能是相互依存的,并受右侧颞顶叶交界处(rTPJ)活动的影响。我们研究了远程操作中的体现、(远程)临场感和表现之间的相互作用,重点研究了右颞顶交界处的作用。受试者接受了两次经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)的虚拟现实任务,分别接受主动或假刺激。行为测量(驾驶不准确性、在圈中的时间、注意力缺失所花费的时间、短期自我相似性和长期自我相似性)、感知工作量(心理需求、身体需求、时间需求、自身表现、努力和挫败感)、此外,还评估了体现的组成部分(所有权、代理权、触觉、位置和外观)和存在的组成部分(逼真度、行动的可能性、界面质量、检查的可能性、对表现的自我评价、触觉和声音)。结果表明,随着视觉运动调整(长期和短期自我相似性指数)复杂性的变化,rTPJ 刺激降低了感知所有权,但增强了临场感。结构方程模型显示,体现会增加视觉运动的不准确性(整体表现的综合变量,包括偏离最佳轨迹和完成任务所需的时间),存在会减少工作量,而工作量会增加不准确性。这些结果表明,化身和临场感之间存在差异,化身会阻碍表现。优先考虑虚拟整合可能会降低人类的表现,而临场感带来的工作量减少则有助于参与。这些发现强调了远程操作中 rTPJ、主观体验和表现之间错综复杂的相互作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
AIMS Neuroscience
AIMS Neuroscience NEUROSCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: AIMS Neuroscience is an international Open Access journal devoted to publishing peer-reviewed, high quality, original papers from all areas in the field of neuroscience. The primary focus is to provide a forum in which to expedite the speed with which theoretical neuroscience progresses toward generating testable hypotheses. In the presence of current and developing technology that offers unprecedented access to functions of the nervous system at all levels, the journal is designed to serve the role of providing the widest variety of the best theoretical views leading to suggested studies. Single blind peer review is provided for all articles and commentaries.
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