The all-day pollinator visits of sunflower inflorescences in Helianthus annuus plantations are independent of head orientation: Testing a widespread hypothesis.

IF 6.2 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Gábor Horváth, Bence Dárdai, Máté Bíró, Judit Slíz-Balogh, Dénes Száz, András Barta, Ádám Egri
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Abstract

Mature inflorescences of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) orient constantly on average to the geographical east. According to one of the explanations of this phenomenon, the eastward orientation of sunflower inflorescences increases the number of attracted insect pollinators. We tested this hypothesis in three field experiments performed in flowering sunflower plantations. In experiments 1 and 2 we measured the number of insects trapped by the vertical walls of sticky sunflower models facing north, east, south, and west. In experiment 3 we counted the pollinators' landings on real sunflower inflorescences facing naturally east or turned artificially toward north, south, and west. We found that the all-day number of pollinators (predominantly bees) attracted to model and real sunflowers in H. annuus plantations is independent of the azimuth direction of sunflower heads, and after 10 h in the morning, the average number of pollinators counted every 20 min is practically constant in the rest of the day.

向日葵种植园中向日葵花序的全天候授粉者访问与花头方向无关:检验一个普遍的假设
向日葵(Helianthus annuus)的成熟花序平均向东生长。对这一现象的解释之一是,向日葵花序向东会增加吸引昆虫授粉者的数量。我们在开花的向日葵种植园中进行了三次实地实验来验证这一假设。在实验 1 和 2 中,我们测量了朝北、朝东、朝南和朝西的向日葵模型的垂直壁所捕获的昆虫数量。在实验 3 中,我们统计了传粉昆虫落在自然向东或人为向北、向南和向西的向日葵花序上的数量。我们发现,在向日葵种植园中,全天吸引到模型向日葵和真向日葵上的传粉昆虫(主要是蜜蜂)的数量与向日葵花头的方位角方向无关。
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来源期刊
The Plant Journal
The Plant Journal 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
13.10
自引率
4.20%
发文量
415
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Publishing the best original research papers in all key areas of modern plant biology from the world"s leading laboratories, The Plant Journal provides a dynamic forum for this ever growing international research community. Plant science research is now at the forefront of research in the biological sciences, with breakthroughs in our understanding of fundamental processes in plants matching those in other organisms. The impact of molecular genetics and the availability of model and crop species can be seen in all aspects of plant biology. For publication in The Plant Journal the research must provide a highly significant new contribution to our understanding of plants and be of general interest to the plant science community.
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