Nanozymes as Antibacterial Agents: New Concerns in Design and Enhancement Strategies.

IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.1002/cbic.202400677
Xianhang Yan, Xiaoqiang Li, Pengtian Yu, Lijun Wang, Qingwei Zhao
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nanozymes exhibiting natural enzyme-mimicking catalytic activities as antibacterial agents present several advantages, including high stability, low cost, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, ease of preparation and storage, and minimal bacterial resistance. Consequently, they have attracted significant attention in recent years. However, the rapid expansion of antimicrobial nanozyme research has resulted in pioneering reviews that do not comprehensively address emerging concerns and enhancement strategies within this field. This paper first summarizes the factors influencing the intrinsic activity of nanozymes; subsequently, we outline new research considerations for designing antibacterial nanozymes with enhanced functionality and biosafety features such as degradable, imageable, targeted, and bacterial-binding nanozymes as well as those capable of selectively targeting pathogenic bacteria while sparing normal cells and probiotics. Furthermore, we review novel enhancement strategies involving external physical stimuli (light or ultrasound), the introduction of extrinsic small molecules, and self-supplying H2O2 to enhance the activity of antibacterial nanozymes under physiological conditions characterized by low concentrations of H2O2 and O2. Additionally, we present non-redox nanozymes that operate independently of highly toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) alongside those designed to combat less common pathogenic bacteria. Finally, we discuss current issues, challenges faced in the field, and future prospects for antibacterial nanozymes.

纳米酶作为抗菌剂:设计和增强策略的新关注点。
纳米酶具有天然酶模拟催化活性,可作为抗菌剂,具有稳定性高、成本低、广谱抗菌、易于制备和储存、细菌耐药性小等优点。因此,近年来它们备受关注。然而,抗菌纳米酶研究的迅速发展导致一些先驱性综述未能全面解决该领域新出现的问题和改进策略。本文首先总结了影响纳米酶内在活性的因素;随后,我们概述了设计具有增强功能和生物安全特性的抗菌纳米酶的新研究考虑因素,如可降解、可成像、靶向和细菌结合纳米酶,以及能够选择性地靶向致病菌而不损伤正常细胞和益生菌的纳米酶。此外,我们还综述了新颖的增强策略,包括外部物理刺激(光或超声波)、引入外在小分子以及自给 H2O2,从而在以低浓度 H2O2 和 O2 为特征的生理条件下增强抗菌纳米酶的活性。此外,我们还介绍了不受剧毒活性氧(ROS)影响的非氧化还原纳米酶,以及那些旨在对抗不常见致病菌的纳米酶。最后,我们讨论了当前的问题、该领域面临的挑战以及抗菌纳米酶的未来前景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
ChemBioChem
ChemBioChem 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
3.10%
发文量
407
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: ChemBioChem (Impact Factor 2018: 2.641) publishes important breakthroughs across all areas at the interface of chemistry and biology, including the fields of chemical biology, bioorganic chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry, synthetic biology, biocatalysis, bionanotechnology, and biomaterials. It is published on behalf of Chemistry Europe, an association of 16 European chemical societies, and supported by the Asian Chemical Editorial Society (ACES).
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