Evaluation of Basmati Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes for Seedling Growth and Leaf Physiology Under High-Temperature Stress

IF 3.7 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Rania Baloch, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem, Muhammad Shahbaz, Muhammad Sarwar
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Abstract

Rice, a staple food crop for over half of the global population, is facing a serious threat of rising temperature due to climate change, especially in the areas producing Basmati rice. The main objectives of the study were to compare the promising cultivars of Basmati rice for heat stress tolerance and to assess how elevated temperature affects leaf physiological and morphological parameters of fine rice at seedling stage. A 2-year-controlled pot experiment was carried out to evaluate how different Basmati rice varieties respond to heat stress. The experiment was carried out at the Agronomic research area, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan, during 2022 and 2023. The design of experiment was completely randomised design (CRD) with split treatment structure and four replications. Plant morphology, leaf temperature, chlorophyll contents, relative cell injury and relative water contents were evaluated for both experimental years. Heat stress significantly affected all morphological and physiological attributes such as chlorophyll contents, relative water contents and relative cell injury across different varieties. There was variation in the behaviour of different varieties under stress conditions as compared to no heat, but from the results it was very clear that Kisan Basmati and PK-1121 Aromatic constantly showed poor performance under both conditions for all the recorded parameters. However, in almost each parameter evaluated, Basmati-515, Super Basmati and NIAB-16 exhibited Superior thermo tolerance and better performance. On the basis of observed morphological and physiological attributes, Kisan and PK-1121 Aromatic Basmati were graded as sensitive varieties, while Basmati-515, Super Basmati and NIAB-16 showed tolerance to heat stress as compared to other varieties. However, further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and genetic factors contributing to the sensitivity or tolerance observed in these varieties.

评估高温胁迫下巴斯马蒂水稻(Oryza sativa L.)基因型的幼苗生长和叶片生理特性
水稻是全球一半以上人口的主食作物,正面临着气候变化导致气温升高的严重威胁,尤其是在巴斯马蒂水稻产区。本研究的主要目的是比较巴斯马蒂水稻有前途的栽培品种对热胁迫的耐受性,并评估温度升高对幼苗期优良水稻叶片生理和形态参数的影响。为评估不同巴斯马蒂水稻品种对热胁迫的反应,进行了为期两年的盆栽对照实验。实验于 2022 年和 2023 年在巴基斯坦费萨拉巴德农业大学农艺研究区进行。实验设计为完全随机设计(CRD),采用分割处理结构和四次重复。对两个试验年的植物形态、叶片温度、叶绿素含量、相对细胞损伤和相对含水量进行了评估。热胁迫对不同品种的叶绿素含量、相对含水量和相对细胞损伤等所有形态和生理属性都有明显影响。与不受热的情况相比,不同品种在胁迫条件下的表现存在差异,但从结果来看,Kisan Basmati 和 PK-1121 Aromatic 在两种条件下的所有记录参数都表现不佳。然而,在几乎每项评估参数中,Basmati-515、Super Basmati 和 NIAB-16 都表现出较高的耐热性和较好的性能。根据观察到的形态和生理特性,Kisan 和 PK-1121 Aromatic Basmati 被评为敏感品种,而 Basmati-515、Super Basmati 和 NIAB-16 与其他品种相比表现出对热胁迫的耐受性。不过,还需要进一步研究,以探索这些品种的敏感性或耐受性的内在机制和遗传因素。
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来源期刊
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
5.70%
发文量
54
审稿时长
7.8 months
期刊介绍: The effects of stress on crop production of agricultural cultivated plants will grow to paramount importance in the 21st century, and the Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science aims to assist in understanding these challenges. In this context, stress refers to extreme conditions under which crops and forages grow. The journal publishes original papers and reviews on the general and special science of abiotic plant stress. Specific topics include: drought, including water-use efficiency, such as salinity, alkaline and acidic stress, extreme temperatures since heat, cold and chilling stress limit the cultivation of crops, flooding and oxidative stress, and means of restricting them. Special attention is on research which have the topic of narrowing the yield gap. The Journal will give preference to field research and studies on plant stress highlighting these subsections. Particular regard is given to application-oriented basic research and applied research. The application of the scientific principles of agricultural crop experimentation is an essential prerequisite for the publication. Studies based on field experiments must show that they have been repeated (at least three times) on the same organism or have been conducted on several different varieties.
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