The effects of simulated Martian regolith on Arabidopsis growth, circadian rhythms and rhizosphere microbiota

IF 3.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Yuanyuan Zhao, Rujia Luo, Haoran Zhang, Li Yuan, Xiaoting Fang, Xinjie Tong, Yongyu Qian, Zengxuan Zhou, Yilin Yang, Xiaojia Zeng, Jian-Feng Li, Xiaodong Xu, Qiguang Xie, Ben-Qiang Gong, Jinhu Guo
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Abstract

Background and aims

The environment on Mars dramatically differs from that on the Earth, including light, radiation, magnetic field and regolith, however, the effects of Martian regolith on plant growth, environmental fitness, circadian rhythm, and rhizosphere microbiota remains unclear.

Methods

We grew Arabidopsis thaliana in simulated Martian regolith (SMR) and the changes in plant growth and development were observed. The changes in circadian rhythms of CCA1:LUC activity were monitored and transcriptomic expression was assessed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). 16S rRNA sequencing was carried out to analyze the rhizosphere microbiota.

Results

Arabidopsis grown in SMR displayed significantly repressed growth and rosette leaf development, and the seedlings died after 50 days with only one pair of euphylla. The plants grown in SMR showed an overall dramatically disrupted circadian rhythm. Growth in SMR led to changes in the rhythmicity of a subset of genes that regulate multiple pathways, including the circadian rhythm, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism. Furthermore, we identified genes associated with the circadian clock and metal metabolism. SMR contains lower absorbable contents of some basic elements, and supplementation with iron (Fe) partially restored the disturbed circadian phenotypes. Moreover, among the rhizosphere microbiota in SMR, the decreased abundance of Actinobacteria were observed, which may be associated with Fe metabolism.

Conclusion

SMR may have deleterious effects on plant growth, uptake and metabolism of elements, and circadian clock. The low absorbable level of Fe in SMR may be one of the factors causing disruption of the plant’s circadian clock and the altered abundance of microorganisms.

Abstract Image

模拟火星流石对拟南芥生长、昼夜节律和根瘤微生物群的影响
背景和目的火星上的环境与地球上的环境有很大不同,包括光、辐射、磁场和残积岩,但是火星残积岩对植物生长、环境适应性、昼夜节律和根瘤微生物群的影响仍不清楚。方法我们在模拟火星残积岩(SMR)中种植拟南芥,观察植物生长和发育的变化。监测了 CCA1:LUC 活性的昼夜节律变化,并通过 RNA 测序(RNA-seq)评估了转录组表达。结果 在 SMR 中生长的拟南芥的生长和莲座叶发育明显受到抑制,幼苗在 50 天后死亡,仅有一对优穗。在 SMR 中生长的植物总体上表现出明显的昼夜节律紊乱。在 SMR 中生长导致调节多种途径(包括昼夜节律、卟啉和叶绿素代谢)的基因子集的节律性发生变化。此外,我们还发现了与昼夜节律和金属代谢相关的基因。SMR含有较低的可吸收基本元素,补充铁(Fe)可部分恢复受干扰的昼夜表型。此外,在 SMR 的根瘤微生物群中,观察到放线菌的丰度降低,这可能与铁代谢有关。SMR 中铁的可吸收水平较低,这可能是导致植物昼夜节律紊乱和微生物数量改变的因素之一。
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来源期刊
Plant and Soil
Plant and Soil 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
8.20%
发文量
543
审稿时长
2.5 months
期刊介绍: Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.
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