Quantitative source apportionment and pollution characteristics of heavy metals in agricultural soils surrounding a legacy Pb-Zn mine

IF 2.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Earth Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI:10.1007/s12665-024-11901-x

Jianqiang Zhang, Jialian Ning, Zhukun He, Ji Wang, Zhiju Liu, Haihu Yan, Zirui Liang

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Abstract

Mining activity is an important source of heavy metals in agricultural soils, threatening food safety and human health. In the present study, an integrated approach of Nemerow pollution index (P_N), Geo-accumulation index (I_geo), potential ecological risk index (PERI), principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to comprehensively illustrate the pollution, potential ecological risk, and sources of heavy metals in agricultural soils surrounding a legacy Pb-Zn mine. The agricultural soils were seriously polluted and suffered high risks of heavy metals with the order of Cd > Pb > Hg > As > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr. According to the PMF model, Cd (85.5%) and Zn (15.9%) originated from irrigation of polluted water. As (76.2%) and Pb (26.4%) were related to Pb/Zn ores transportation. Pb (52.5%), Zn (51.1%), and Cu (38.8%) were associated with atmospheric deposition during Pb-Zn mining. Hg (67.3%) was mainly from agricultural sources. Cr (59.5%), Ni (59%), and Cu (28.7%) came from the natural parent materials. Pb-Zn mining activity was the priority source accounting for 57.7% of heavy metals pollution in the agricultural soil. Additionally, agricultural and natural sources contributed 19.8% and 22.5%, respectively. These results provide valuable information for future prevention, remediation, and management of soil heavy metals pollution surrounding the Pb-Zn mining region.

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遗留铅锌矿周围农业土壤中重金属的定量来源分配和污染特征

采矿活动是农业土壤中重金属的重要来源，威胁着食品安全和人类健康。本研究采用内默罗污染指数（PN）、地质累积指数（Igeo）、潜在生态风险指数（PERI）、主成分分析（PCA）、聚类分析（CA）和正矩阵因式分解（PMF）等综合方法，全面阐述了某铅锌遗留矿山周边农田土壤的污染情况、潜在生态风险和重金属来源。该农田土壤污染严重，重金属风险较高，依次为镉 (Cd > Pb > Hg > As > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr)。根据 PMF 模型，镉（85.5%）和锌（15.9%）来自污染水灌溉。砷（76.2%）和铅（26.4%）与铅锌矿的运输有关。铅（52.5%）、锌（51.1%）和铜（38.8%）与铅锌矿开采过程中的大气沉积有关。汞（67.3%）主要来自农业来源。铬（59.5%）、镍（59%）和铜（28.7%）来自天然母质。铅锌矿开采活动是农业土壤重金属污染的主要来源，占 57.7%。此外，农业和自然来源分别占 19.8% 和 22.5%。这些结果为今后预防、修复和管理铅锌矿区周边土壤重金属污染提供了宝贵的信息。

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来源期刊

Environmental Earth Sciences 环境科学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

3.60%

发文量

494

审稿时长

8.3 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Earth Sciences is an international multidisciplinary journal concerned with all aspects of interaction between humans, natural resources, ecosystems, special climates or unique geographic zones, and the earth: Water and soil contamination caused by waste management and disposal practices Environmental problems associated with transportation by land, air, or water Geological processes that may impact biosystems or humans Man-made or naturally occurring geological or hydrological hazards Environmental problems associated with the recovery of materials from the earth Environmental problems caused by extraction of minerals, coal, and ores, as well as oil and gas, water and alternative energy sources Environmental impacts of exploration and recultivation – Environmental impacts of hazardous materials Management of environmental data and information in data banks and information systems Dissemination of knowledge on techniques, methods, approaches and experiences to improve and remediate the environment In pursuit of these topics, the geoscientific disciplines are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. Major disciplines include: hydrogeology, hydrochemistry, geochemistry, geophysics, engineering geology, remediation science, natural resources management, environmental climatology and biota, environmental geography, soil science and geomicrobiology.