Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination or intent to be vaccinated across three U.S. states

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126457

Robert Cockerill , Jennifer A. Horney , Samantha C. Penta , Amber Silver , Lauren Clay

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: Vaccine hesitancy represents an important challenge to the effective control of the COVID-19 pandemic. In prior research on seasonal influenza, childhood vaccination, and emergency vaccination programs, hesitancy has been associated with a wide range of demographic, psychological, and compliance factors.

Methods: In January 2021, an online survey was distributed using the Qualtrics (Provo, UT) platform to a proportional quota sample of individuals in three states: Louisiana, New York, and Washington. Crude and adjusted risk differences and 95 % confidence intervals were calculated to describe the relationship between vaccination or intent to be vaccinated and demographic, psychological, compliance, and pandemic impact variables.

Results: Of 812 respondents, 696 indicated their vaccination status or intent to be vaccinated. Sixty-six percent indicated they were vaccinated or intended to be when available (n = 457) and 34 % were not vaccinated and did not intend to be vaccinated (n = 239). In bivariate analysis, respondents who were older, male, married, white, and reported higher household incomes were more likely to be vaccinated or intend to be. Those who complied with mask wearing, social distancing, and avoided gatherings with people outside their household were also more likely to report vaccination or intention. In the multivariable model, backward elimination resulted in a model that retained sex, race, household income, and avoiding large gatherings.

Conclusion: There are important demographic, behavioral, and other factors that influence vaccine acceptance. Identifying those factors is vital for targeted and effective messaging, education, and engagement to reach those most hesitant, increase vaccination coverage, and effectively address the COVID-19 pandemic.

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美国三个州 COVID-19 疫苗接种或接种意愿的相关因素

目标：疫苗接种犹豫不决是有效控制 COVID-19 大流行所面临的重要挑战。在之前关于季节性流感、儿童疫苗接种和紧急疫苗接种计划的研究中，犹豫不决与人口、心理和依从性等多种因素有关：2021 年 1 月，我们使用 Qualtrics（美国犹他州普罗沃市）平台向三个州的个人按比例配额抽样分发了一份在线调查：路易斯安那州、纽约州和华盛顿州。我们计算了粗略和调整后的风险差异以及 95 % 的置信区间，以描述疫苗接种或接种意愿与人口统计学、心理学、依从性和大流行影响变量之间的关系：在 812 位受访者中，有 696 位表明了他们的疫苗接种状况或接种意愿。66%的受访者表示已接种疫苗或打算接种疫苗（n = 457），34%的受访者未接种疫苗或不打算接种疫苗（n = 239）。在双变量分析中，年龄较大、男性、已婚、白人和家庭收入较高的受访者更有可能接种或打算接种疫苗。遵守戴口罩、保持社交距离和避免与家庭以外的人聚会的受访者也更有可能接种或打算接种疫苗。在多变量模型中，反向排除法得出的模型保留了性别、种族、家庭收入和避免大型聚会等因素：结论：有一些重要的人口、行为和其他因素影响着人们对疫苗的接受程度。确定这些因素对于有针对性地开展有效的信息传递、教育和参与活动至关重要，这样才能接触到最犹豫不决的人群、提高疫苗接种覆盖率并有效应对 COVID-19 大流行。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

期刊介绍： Vaccine is unique in publishing the highest quality science across all disciplines relevant to the field of vaccinology - all original article submissions across basic and clinical research, vaccine manufacturing, history, public policy, behavioral science and ethics, social sciences, safety, and many other related areas are welcomed. The submission categories as given in the Guide for Authors indicate where we receive the most papers. Papers outside these major areas are also welcome and authors are encouraged to contact us with specific questions.