Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: Imaging findings with special focus on extraspinal involvement

Abstract

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (IDHS) is a multifactorial disease with a high prevalence and that is frequently detected incidentally in imaging tests. Most of its diagnostic criteria are focused on axial involvement and more specifically the spine. However, peripheral involvement in DISH is less well known despite its non insignificant frequency. DISH can be associated with serious complications, the most severe being vertebral fractures in low energy trauma and dysphagia or airway obstruction in cervical involvement. Knowing how to identify the patterns of peripheral involvement of DISH and its complications helps in the radiological and clinical management of patients with this disease.