Evaluating glycocalyx morphology and composition in frozen and formalin-fixed liver tumor sections

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PATHOLOGY

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI:10.1016/j.prp.2024.155660

Masashi Kuno , Hiroyuki Tomita , Masahide Endo , Kosuke Mori , Akira Hara , Takeshi Horaguchi , Ryoma Yokoi , Keita Matsumoto , Hirokatsu Hayashi , Masahiro Fukada , Chika Takao , Yuta Sato , Ryuichi Asai , Itaru Yasufuku , Jesse Yu Tajima , Shigeru Kiyama , Yoshihiro Tanaka , Nobuhisa Matsuhashi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

The glycocalyx (GCX) is a glycan structure on the vascular endothelium and cancer cells. It is crucial for blood flow regulation, tumor invasion, and cancer drug resistance. Understanding the role of GCX in human tumors could help develop new cancer biomarkers and therapies.

Aim

This study aimed to demonstrate microstructural changes in human primary and metastatic liver tumors (henceforth termed liver tumors) by visualizing GCX using surgical specimens and comparing formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections (FFPEs) with frozen sections. The results of lectin staining were also compared between frozen and FFPE specimens to determine which was more useful for accurately assessing GCX structure and composition.

Methods

Liver tumors and normal tissue samples from three patients were collected and processed into FFPEs and frozen sections, respectively. Lanthanum nitrate staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to assess the GCX structures. Twenty lectins were analyzed for their glycan components in the samples.

Results

SEM revealed significant differences in GCX morphology among the cancer specimens. Frozen sections provided a more accurate GCX evaluation than FFPEs, showing distinct glycan compositions in hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma liver metastases, and melanoma liver metastases. Hepatocellular carcinoma samples exhibited a loss of N-acetylgalactosamine-related lectins.

Conclusion

The results revealed that liver tumors have distinct and bulky GCX compared to normal liver tissue, while frozen sections are more reliable for GCX evaluation. These findings highlight glycan alterations in liver tumors and contribute to the development of new cancer therapies targeting GCX on tumor cell surfaces.

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评估冷冻和福尔马林固定肝脏肿瘤切片中糖萼的形态和组成

背景糖萼（GCX）是血管内皮和癌细胞上的一种聚糖结构。它对血流调节、肿瘤侵袭和癌症抗药性至关重要。本研究旨在利用手术标本观察 GCX，并比较福尔马林固定石蜡包埋切片（FFPE）和冷冻切片，从而展示人类原发性和转移性肝脏肿瘤（以下称肝脏肿瘤）的微观结构变化。我们还比较了冷冻切片和 FFPE 切片的凝集素染色结果，以确定哪种方法更有助于准确评估 GCX 的结构和组成。采用硝酸镧染色和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）评估 GCX 结构。结果扫描电镜显示癌症标本的 GCX 形态存在显著差异。冷冻切片比 FFPE 更能准确评估 GCX，显示出肝癌、结直肠癌肝转移瘤和黑色素瘤肝转移瘤中不同的糖组成。结果表明，与正常肝组织相比，肝脏肿瘤的 GCX 既独特又笨重，而冷冻切片对 GCX 的评估更为可靠。这些发现突显了肝脏肿瘤中的聚糖改变，有助于开发针对肿瘤细胞表面 GCX 的新型癌症疗法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pathology, research and practice 医学-病理学

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

405

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： Pathology, Research and Practice provides accessible coverage of the most recent developments across the entire field of pathology: Reviews focus on recent progress in pathology, while Comments look at interesting current problems and at hypotheses for future developments in pathology. Original Papers present novel findings on all aspects of general, anatomic and molecular pathology. Rapid Communications inform readers on preliminary findings that may be relevant for further studies and need to be communicated quickly. Teaching Cases look at new aspects or special diagnostic problems of diseases and at case reports relevant for the pathologist''s practice.