Failure of a tantalum lined tee induced by hydrogen embrittlement

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Engineering Failure Analysis Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2024.108969

Zihan Wei , Liyang Huang , Kaishu Guan , Jiru Zhong

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A lined tee leaked a high temperature mixture of HCI gas and steam from the inner tantalum liner into the external carbon pipe. The main causes of failure have been proposed based on several analysis methods, including macroscopic examination, metallographic inspections, chemical composition analysis, hardness test, scanning electron microscopy analysis and energy dispersive spectrometry test. On the basis of experimental analyses, computational fluid dynamics simulations were employed to explore the flow fields of HCI gas and steam in pipelines. It was found that the failure region of the tantalum liner was coincidence with the mixture zone of two media. The root cause of failure was the formation of liquid hydrochloric acid during the start-up of equipment, causing that hydrogen ions in liquid hydrochloric acid penetrated into tantalum, resulting in hydrogen embrittlement cracks. Meanwhile, pitting corrosion was caused in mixing areas. Adjusting the structure of tee pipe from T-type to Y-type was put forward to prevent equipment failure.

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氢脆引发的钽内衬三通失效

内衬三通将高温 HCI 气体和蒸汽混合物从钽内衬泄漏到外部碳管中。根据几种分析方法，包括宏观检查、金相检查、化学成分分析、硬度测试、扫描电子显微镜分析和能量色散光谱测试，提出了失效的主要原因。在实验分析的基础上，利用计算流体动力学模拟探索了管道中 HCI 气体和蒸汽的流场。结果发现，钽衬垫的失效区域与两种介质的混合区重合。失效的根本原因是设备启动过程中盐酸液的形成，导致盐酸液中的氢离子渗入钽，从而产生氢脆裂纹。同时，在混合区域也造成了点状腐蚀。为防止设备故障，提出将三通管的结构由 T 型调整为 Y 型。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Engineering Failure Analysis 工程技术-材料科学：表征与测试

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

20.00%

发文量

956

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Engineering Failure Analysis publishes research papers describing the analysis of engineering failures and related studies. Papers relating to the structure, properties and behaviour of engineering materials are encouraged, particularly those which also involve the detailed application of materials parameters to problems in engineering structures, components and design. In addition to the area of materials engineering, the interacting fields of mechanical, manufacturing, aeronautical, civil, chemical, corrosion and design engineering are considered relevant. Activity should be directed at analysing engineering failures and carrying out research to help reduce the incidences of failures and to extend the operating horizons of engineering materials. Emphasis is placed on the mechanical properties of materials and their behaviour when influenced by structure, process and environment. Metallic, polymeric, ceramic and natural materials are all included and the application of these materials to real engineering situations should be emphasised. The use of a case-study based approach is also encouraged. Engineering Failure Analysis provides essential reference material and critical feedback into the design process thereby contributing to the prevention of engineering failures in the future. All submissions will be subject to peer review from leading experts in the field.