Soil enzyme activity and stoichiometry indicates that litter quality regulates soil microbial nutrient demand in a Tibetan alpine meadow

IF 3.7 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Xiaoping Wang , Yinshan Ma , Shiting Zhang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The effects of litter quality on soil microbial communities and enzyme activities have been widely documented; however, the specific relationship between soil enzyme activity, stoichiometry and their interactions with litter and soil properties across varying litter qualities remain unclear. Freshly fallen leaves of six species were collected and divided into low- and high-quality litter based on decomposition rates. We assessed the activities of carbon (C)-, nitrogen (N)- and phosphorus (P)-acquiring enzymes—β-1,-4-glucosidase (BG), β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and acid phosphatase (AP)—along with biotic and abiotic factors affecting enzyme activities (dissolved organic matter and microbial biomass in litter and soil) at five time points over 673 d. Enzyme vector analysis showed that vector lengths (microbial C limitation) were the largest across all treatments after 309 d, and all vector angles were > 45°, suggesting that soil microbes were more limited by P than by N during decomposition process. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) demonstrated that soil enzyme activity and stoichiometry were driven by different variables, depending on litter quality. In the control, soil dissolved organic carbon (SDOC) and phosphorus (SDOP) were the primary predictors of soil enzyme activity, while under low-quality litter addition, litter dissolved organic carbon (LDOC) and soil dissolved organic nitrogen (SDON) were the most influential factors, and under high-quality litter addition, litter microbial biomass carbon (LMBC), SDOC, and SDON were key drivers. Furthermore, SDOC was significantly and negatively correlated with vector length, explaining the greatest variation in soil enzyme stoichiometry across all treatments. Vector length and angle were better explained by LDOC and litter microbial biomass phosphorus (LMBP) under low-quality litter addition, in contrast, by litter microbial biomass nitrogen (LMBN) and litter dissolved organic nitrogen (LDON) under high-quality litter addition. Our results highlight that litter quality modulates soil microbial metabolism by influencing dissolved organic matter and microbial biomass in both litter and soil layers. This study reveals the mechanism mediating soil microbial metabolism during litter decomposition, which is crucial for understanding C and nutrient cycling in alpine grassland ecosystems.
土壤酶活性和化学计量表明,西藏高寒草甸的枯落物质量调节着土壤微生物的养分需求
枯落物质量对土壤微生物群落和酶活性的影响已被广泛记录;然而,不同质量的枯落物中土壤酶活性、化学计量及其与枯落物和土壤性质之间相互作用的具体关系仍不清楚。我们收集了六个物种的新鲜落叶,并根据分解率将其分为低质和优质枯落物。我们评估了碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)获取酶--β-1,-4-葡萄糖苷酶(BG)、β-1,4-N-乙酰葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、亮氨酸氨肽酶(LAP)和酸性磷酸酶(AP)的活性、和酸性磷酸酶(AP),以及影响酶活性的生物和非生物因素(废弃物和土壤中的溶解有机物和微生物生物量)。酶矢量分析表明,309 d 后,矢量长度(微生物 C 限制)在所有处理中最大,且所有矢量角度均为 45°,表明在分解过程中,土壤微生物受 P 的限制大于受 N 的限制。冗余分析(RDA)和结构方程模型(SEM)表明,土壤酶活性和化学计量受不同变量的驱动,这取决于枯落物的质量。在对照组中,土壤溶解有机碳(SDOC)和磷(SDOP)是土壤酶活性的主要预测因子;在低质量垃圾添加情况下,垃圾溶解有机碳(LDOC)和土壤溶解有机氮(SDON)是最具影响力的因素;在高质量垃圾添加情况下,垃圾微生物生物量碳(LMBC)、SDOC和SDON是关键驱动因素。此外,SDOC 与矢量长度呈显著负相关,可解释所有处理中土壤酶化学计量的最大差异。在添加低质量枯落物的情况下,LDOC 和枯落物微生物生物量磷(LMBP)能更好地解释矢量长度和角度;相比之下,在添加高质量枯落物的情况下,枯落物微生物生物量氮(LMBN)和枯落物溶解有机氮(LDON)能更好地解释矢量长度和角度。我们的研究结果突出表明,垃圾质量通过影响垃圾层和土壤层中的溶解有机物和微生物生物量来调节土壤微生物代谢。这项研究揭示了枯落物分解过程中土壤微生物新陈代谢的调节机制,这对了解高寒草地生态系统的碳和养分循环至关重要。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Soil Biology
European Journal of Soil Biology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
51
审稿时长
27 days
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Soil Biology covers all aspects of soil biology which deal with microbial and faunal ecology and activity in soils, as well as natural ecosystems or biomes connected to ecological interests: biodiversity, biological conservation, adaptation, impact of global changes on soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning and effects and fate of pollutants as influenced by soil organisms. Different levels in ecosystem structure are taken into account: individuals, populations, communities and ecosystems themselves. At each level, different disciplinary approaches are welcomed: molecular biology, genetics, ecophysiology, ecology, biogeography and landscape ecology.
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