Attitudes and beliefs of healthcare providers toward vaccination in the United States: A cross-sectional online survey

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126437

Amanda L. Eiden , Sheila Drakeley , Kushal Modi , deMauri Mackie , Alexandra Bhatti , Anthony DiFranzo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Healthcare providers' (HCPs') beliefs and practices regarding vaccination influence vaccine acceptance in patients.

Objective

To describe HCPs' beliefs and practices regarding vaccines and perceptions of patient perspectives related to vaccine hesitancy.

Methods

This was a non-interventional, cross-sectional, online survey administered to 1213 HCPs based in the United States from December 2021 through January 2022. HCPs provided responses regarding their demographic and professional characteristics, beliefs about vaccine safety and effectiveness, vaccination practices, and their views regarding patients' willingness to receive vaccination.

Results

Study participants included doctors (55.4 %); physician assistants (11.2 %); pharmacists (11.7 %); nurse practitioners (11.1 %); and registered nurses (10.6 %) from across the United States (West, 35.6 %; Midwest, 27.0 %; South, 25.6 %; Northeast, 11.9 %). HCPs belonged to group practices or clinics (34.5 %), private practices (31.9 %), hospital-based practices (21.9 %), or pharmacies (11.7 %). Most HCPs strongly believed it was their duty to promote vaccination (78.1 %) and used in-person conversations to educate patients about vaccines (85.0 %); 95.1 % had been vaccinated against COVID-19. HCPs reported that 54.9 % of patients accept all vaccines without hesitation, 21.0 % accept all vaccines but hesitate, 16.8 % accept only select vaccines, and 7.2 % reject all vaccines. Reasons commonly cited by patients for being hesitant to accept vaccines or refusal included negative media (hesitancy: 64.6 %; refusal: 73.2 %), the influence of friends or family (hesitancy: 60.5 %; refusal: 68.7 %), distrust of the government (hesitancy: 45.8 %; refusal: 68.4 %), concerns over long-term side effects (hesitancy: 56.1 %; refusal: 68.3 %), and worries about vaccine-related autism or infertility (hesitancy: 49.7 %; refusal: 71.9 %). HCPs reported that the largest contributors to vaccine misinformation among patients were social media (91.0 %), celebrities/TV personalities (63.5 %), and mass media (61.1 %).

Conclusions

Despite most HCPs being active proponents of vaccination, misconceptions about vaccination and vaccine hesitancy persists. Consideration should be given to HCP training to support their efforts to promote vaccine acceptance.

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美国医疗服务提供者对疫苗接种的态度和信念：横断面在线调查

背景医疗保健提供者（HCPs）有关疫苗接种的信念和实践会影响患者对疫苗的接受程度。目的描述医疗保健提供者有关疫苗的信念和实践，以及他们对与疫苗犹豫相关的患者观点的看法。方法这是一项非干预、横断面的在线调查，从 2021 年 12 月到 2022 年 1 月对美国的 1213 名医疗保健提供者进行了调查。结果研究参与者包括来自美国各地的医生（55.4%）、医生助理（11.2%）、药剂师（11.7%）、执业护士（11.1%）和注册护士（10.6%）（西部，35.6%；中西部，27.0%；南部，25.6%；东北部，11.9%）。医疗保健人员隶属于团体诊所或诊所（34.5%）、私人诊所（31.9%）、医院诊所（21.9%）或药房（11.7%）。大多数保健医生坚信他们有责任推广疫苗接种（78.1%），并通过面对面交谈向患者宣传疫苗知识（85.0%）；95.1%的保健医生接种过 COVID-19 疫苗。据保健医生报告，54.9% 的患者毫不犹豫地接受所有疫苗，21.0% 的患者接受所有疫苗但犹豫不决，16.8% 的患者只接受特定疫苗，7.2% 的患者拒绝接受所有疫苗。患者通常提到的犹豫不决或拒绝接受疫苗的原因包括：负面媒体（犹豫不决：64.6%；拒绝接受：73.2%）、朋友或家人的影响（犹豫不决：60.5%；拒绝接受：68.7%）、对疫苗接种机构的不信任（犹豫不决：60.5%；拒绝接受：68.7%）。7%）、对政府的不信任（犹豫：45.8%；拒绝：68.4%）、对长期副作用的担忧（犹豫：56.1%；拒绝：68.3%），以及对与疫苗相关的自闭症或不育症的担忧（犹豫：49.7%；拒绝：71.9%）。据保健医生报告，在患者中造成疫苗误导的最大因素是社交媒体（91.0 %）、名人/电视名人（63.5 %）和大众媒体（61.1 %）。结论尽管大多数保健医生都是疫苗接种的积极支持者，但对疫苗接种的误解和疫苗犹豫仍然存在。应考虑对保健医生进行培训，以支持他们促进疫苗接受度的工作。

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

期刊介绍： Vaccine is unique in publishing the highest quality science across all disciplines relevant to the field of vaccinology - all original article submissions across basic and clinical research, vaccine manufacturing, history, public policy, behavioral science and ethics, social sciences, safety, and many other related areas are welcomed. The submission categories as given in the Guide for Authors indicate where we receive the most papers. Papers outside these major areas are also welcome and authors are encouraged to contact us with specific questions.