NMR metabolic profiling and biological activities of different extracts from a Turkish herbal tea-Clinopodium nepeta subsp. glandulosum

IF 1.4 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI:10.1016/j.bse.2024.104908

Francesca Guzzo , Carlo Raucci , Gokhan Zengin , Gizem Emre , Asaad Khalid , Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally , Brigida D'Abrosca

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Clinopodium nepeta subsp. glandulosum (Req.) Govaerts (Lamiaceae), is traditionally used as antispasmodic, diaphoretic, stimulant, and tonic medicinal herbs and as mint-like spice used in various culinary recipes. Nonetheless, there is still a dearth of studies to validate its biological properties. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents, scavenging activity of DPPH and ABTS radicals, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total antioxidant via phosphomolybdenum assay, metal ion chelating capacity of different extracts (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, ethanol/water and water) of C. nepeta were determined. The water extract contained the highest phenolic contents (51.47 ± 0.62 mg GAE/g) and ethanol/water extract yielded largest amount of flavonoid contents (43.86 ± 0.63 mg RE/g). The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of the extracts was in the order of ethanol/water > water > ethanol > ethyl acetate > dichloromethane > n-hexane. The enzyme inhibition of the different extracts was also investigated. Ethanol/Water extract demonstrated the highest AChE inhibitory capacity (2.66 mg GALAE/g) while ethyl acetate extract revealed high BChE inhibitory activity (3.29 mg GALAE/g). Exhaustive 2D-NMR investigation has revealed the presence of acacetin derivatives, ursolic acid along with and 2,4-di-t-butylphenol. These findings revealed that extracts of C. nepeta could be used as a promising therapeutic agent against free radicals, brain enzymes including AChE and BChE and in the treatment of hyperpigmentation as a skin whitening ingredient as well as in the treatment and management of diabetes. However, further studies are required to determine the safety profiles of these extracts.

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土耳其草药茶-Clinopodium nepeta subsp. glandulosum 不同提取物的核磁共振代谢谱分析和生物活性

Clinopodium nepeta subsp.glandulosum（Req.）Govaerts（Lamiaceae）是一种传统的解痉、利尿、刺激和滋补药材，也可作为类似薄荷的香料用于各种烹饪配方中。尽管如此，对其生物特性进行验证的研究仍然很少。本研究测定了裙带菜不同提取物（正己烷、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、乙醇/水和水）的总酚和类黄酮含量、DPPH 和 ABTS 自由基清除活性、铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）、磷钼测定法得出的总抗氧化能力、金属离子螯合能力。水提取物的酚含量最高（51.47 ± 0.62 mg GAE/g），乙醇/水提取物的黄酮含量最高（43.86 ± 0.63 mg RE/g）。提取物的 DPPH 自由基清除活性依次为乙醇/水；水；乙醇；乙酸乙酯；二氯甲烷；正己烷。还研究了不同提取物对酶的抑制作用。乙醇/水提取物显示出最高的 AChE 抑制能力（2.66 毫克 GALAE/克），而乙酸乙酯提取物显示出较高的 BChE 抑制活性（3.29 毫克 GALAE/克）。详尽的 2D-NMR 研究表明，其中存在乙酰乙酸衍生物、熊果酸以及 2,4-二叔丁基苯酚。这些研究结果表明，尼泊金萃取物可用作抗自由基、抗 AChE 和 BChE 等脑酶的治疗药物，也可作为皮肤美白成分用于色素沉着的治疗以及糖尿病的治疗和管理。不过，还需要进一步的研究来确定这些提取物的安全性。

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来源期刊

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 生物-进化生物学

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

12.50%

发文量

147

审稿时长

43 days

期刊介绍： Biochemical Systematics and Ecology is devoted to the publication of original papers and reviews, both submitted and invited, in two subject areas: I) the application of biochemistry to problems relating to systematic biology of organisms (biochemical systematics); II) the role of biochemistry in interactions between organisms or between an organism and its environment (biochemical ecology). In the Biochemical Systematics subject area, comparative studies of the distribution of (secondary) metabolites within a wider taxon (e.g. genus or family) are welcome. Comparative studies, encompassing multiple accessions of each of the taxa within their distribution are particularly encouraged. Welcome are also studies combining classical chemosystematic studies (such as comparative HPLC-MS or GC-MS investigations) with (macro-) molecular phylogenetic studies. Studies that involve the comparative use of compounds to help differentiate among species such as adulterants or substitutes that illustrate the applied use of chemosystematics are welcome. In contrast, studies solely employing macromolecular phylogenetic techniques (gene sequences, RAPD studies etc.) will be considered out of scope. Discouraged are manuscripts that report known or new compounds from a single source taxon without addressing a systematic hypothesis. Also considered out of scope are studies using outdated and hard to reproduce macromolecular techniques such as RAPDs in combination with standard chemosystematic techniques such as GC-FID and GC-MS.